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      "Indexers/explorers using MPT transaction proofs or header roots must adopt SSZ roots and update verification pipelines.",
      "Systems relying on mainnet transaction inclusion proofs should switch from MPT proofs to SSZ-based roots for compatibility.",
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      "Implement ExecutionPayload and header changes using SSZ transactions_root and adjust Engine API; moderate serialization and hashing complexity.",
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      "Adds on-chain data needed to verify from, gasUsed, and contractAddress fields that wallets and JSON-RPC currently expose.",
      "Defines a universal SSZ receipt format, deprecates cumulativeGasUsed, logIndex, and logs bloom, simplifying parallel execution analysis and proof tooling.",
      "Allows L2 fraud proofs to efficiently prove individual receipt parts, such as logs, instead of providing full receipts.",
      "The EIP does not describe specific changes for validators or node operators beyond adopting the new SSZ receipt format.",
      "No consensus-layer client changes are described; required code changes or complexity for consensus clients are not specified.",
      "Execution-layer clients must migrate receipts from EIP-2718 RLP to SSZ and implement the new universal SSZ receipt format.",
      "Supports efficient proofs of individual receipt parts, like logs, without sending full receipts.",
      "Removes stateful fields such as cumulativeGasUsed and logIndex to aid parallel execution.",
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    "title": "EIP-7587: Reserve Precompile Address Range for RIPs",
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    "title": "EIP-7594: PeerDAS - Peer Data Availability Sampling",
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    "summary": "PeerDAS enables Ethereum nodes to specialize in storing different pieces of data while still verifying everything is available. This foundational change dramatically increases data capacity for Layer 2 networks while maintaining security.",
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      "Enables building applications with higher data requirements. Layer 2 developers benefit from reduced costs and higher capacity limits.",
      "Minimal direct impact. Users benefit indirectly through better Layer 2 transaction reliability and lower costs.",
      "Major updates needed for block explorers, indexers, and data availability APIs to handle the new sampling system and proof formats.",
      "Game-changing for Layer 2 economics - dramatically reduces costs for posting transaction data and enables much higher throughput rollups.",
      "Must implement the new specialized data storage and sampling system. Changes from downloading everything to participating in a coordinated verification network.",
      "Major implementation work required for the new data distribution system, sampling protocols, and coordination between nodes. This is a core infrastructure change.",
      "Need to update how blob transactions are handled and verified, including new proof formats and validation methods.",
      "Dramatically reduces Layer 2 transaction costs",
      "Enables scaling to 128+ blobs per block over time",
      "Nodes only store a fraction of data while maintaining security",
      "Foundation for competing with high-speed blockchains",
      "Paves the way for full Danksharding"
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    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Existing conditions to prevent deploying contract at address with existing data are insufficient, this ensures it cannot happen even in edge case scenarios. There are at least 28 contracts that were deployed with this issue.",
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      "No direct impact on regular users.",
      "Making sure devs cannot deploy contract on incorrect address with proper error handling.",
      "No changes to wallets.",
      "Contract development tooling needs to update and handle errors correctly",
      "L2s can benefit from the improvement following the change in their implementations.",
      "No impact on stakers and nodes.",
      "No change to consensus layer.",
      "New condition needs to implement the check in EL clients.",
      "Mitigates issues stemming from contract deployment over existing storage.",
      "Makes sure app developers cannot make this mistake and provides correct errors if such a tx is submitted."
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    "title": "EIP-7619: Precompile Falcon512 generic verifier",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Provide cost-efficient (ecrecover cost not MGas) verification of Falcon-512 signatures, one of the Post-Quantum Signatures being standardized by NIST.",
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      "Access to Post-Quantum security.",
      "Provides cost-efficient access to post-quantum cryptography for dApps requiring quantum resistance",
      "Cheap PQ signatures for contract wallets. Will need to standardize HD key generation.",
      "Will need to add language and CLI access to Falcon signature verification, and generation.",
      "Will need to add to next L2 hard fork. May want to consider as an alternative wherever ecrecover is used.",
      "Invisible to stakers, leanConsensus is where PQC will be introduced to them.",
      "Invisible to the consensus layer, leanConsensus is where PQC will be introduced to them.",
      "Will integrate an external library (PQClean, PQ Code, etc) so the task will mostly be wiring up the library and gas metering.",
      "Cost Effective access to Falcon-512 verification.",
      "Quantum resistance for Ethereum signatures",
      "No protocol redesign required",
      "Compatible with existing EVM infrastructure"
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    "id": 7620,
    "title": "EIP-7620: EOF Contract Creation",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This introduces new contract creation instructions for EOF contracts: EOFCREATE and RETURNCODE, which replace the legacy CREATE/CREATE2 instructions. Since EOF removes code observability (the ability to inspect and manipulate code), the old creation methods don't work. EOFCREATE creates contracts using pre-validated subcontainers within the factory contract, maintaining security while enabling factory patterns. RETURNCODE allows the initialization code to specify which subcontainer becomes the deployed contract and append additional data. This preserves the factory contract use case while maintaining EOF's code non-observability guarantees.",
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    "title": "EIP-7623: Increase calldata cost",
    "status": "Final",
    "type": "Standards Track",
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      "Normal transactions see no change, contracts relying on calldata become a little more expensive to execute.",
      "Contracts behaviour is not changed  but the state storage is more expensive.",
      "Fee estimation may adjust for new calldata cost.",
      "Contract and gas analytics need reflect updated calldata pricing.",
      "L2s should use blobs over calldata, improving network scalability.",
      "No direct impact on validators.",
      "Consensus unaffected.",
      "Adjust EVM gas accounting for calldata.",
      "Bounds worst-case block size for network safety and scalability",
      "Encourages use of blobs for large data"
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    "title": "EIP-7636: Extension of EIP-778 for \"client\" ENR Entry",
    "status": "Withdrawn",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Networking",
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    "title": "EIP-7637: Optimize EOA EXTCODEHASH",
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    "type": "Standards Track",
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    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Networking",
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    "type": "Standards Track",
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      "No impact on smart contract development or execution environment.",
      "No changes to wallets.",
      "Historical data APIs and indexers need updates for new history serving windows and modified networking protocols.",
      "No direct impact on L2s, only processing historical data from L1 might be affected.",
      "Significant bandwidth savings during sync operations.",
      "Minimal impact as this primarily affects execution layer networking protocols.",
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      "Faster setup for new Ethereum nodes",
      "Prepares for history expiry management"
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    "id": 7657,
    "title": "EIP-7657: Sync committee slashings",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
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    "id": 7658,
    "title": "EIP-7658: Light client data backfill",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
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    "id": 7664,
    "title": "EIP-7664: Access-Key opcode",
    "status": "Withdrawn",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
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    "id": 7666,
    "title": "EIP-7666: EVM-ify the identity precompile",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This removes the identity precompile (at address 0x04) and replaces it with actual EVM code that does the same thing - simply copying input data to output data. The identity precompile was originally needed because there was no direct way to copy memory, but since the MCOPY opcode was introduced, this precompile is no longer necessary. Removing it reduces maintenance burden and complexity for Ethereum clients, including ZK-EVMs. This serves as a template for potentially removing other underused precompiles in the future, like certain hash functions.",
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    "id": 7667,
    "title": "EIP-7667: Raise gas costs of hash functions",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Increase gas for hashing to better match real costs, prevent hash-heavy block abuse, and keep Ethereum verification practical and decentralized.",
    "impacts": [
      "Most transactions unchanged; hash-heavy operations may cost slightly more gas, modestly increasing fees in specific dapps only occasionally.",
      "Contracts relying on hashing (proof verification, logging) see higher gas; developers may optimize or reduce on-chain hashing to control costs.",
      "No functional changes; gas estimation sourced from nodes reflects new pricing, but UI fee projections may rise for hash-heavy calls.",
      "Off-chain analyzers or gas simulators using custom cost tables must update constants; otherwise, node-backed tooling continues working without changes required.",
      "Indirect benefit aligning L1 costs with ZK proving realities; no mandatory changes to rollup protocols, though pricing strategies may adjust.",
      "Minimal operational effect; block production logic unchanged beyond adopting clients with updated gas schedule if activated during network upgrades only.",
      "Consensus-layer functionality unaffected; coordination for any network upgrade only, with no EVM pricing logic implemented here within this client layer.",
      "Must implement updated opcode and precompile gas constants; affects transaction validation, simulation, and gas accounting across execution clients implementations universally.",
      "Aligns gas pricing with ZK proving costs, reducing worst-case proof time outliers.",
      "Discourages hash-heavy blocks that strain provers and increase centralization risks.",
      "Reduces reliance on ad-hoc sequencer limits and centralized rollup workarounds.",
      "Prepares Ethereum for eventual L1 SNARK verification with predictable proving bounds."
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    "id": 7668,
    "title": "EIP-7668: Remove bloom filters",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Bloom filters were supposed to provide log filters for applications but they do not work as originally intended. Under this EIP, the field is not entirely removed but needs to be empty. Applications should seek alternative and decentralized solution to fetching relevant logs.",
    "impacts": [
      "Users are not directly impacted.",
      "Applications that depend on bloom filters to fetch logs will break and will need to adopt alternative solutions.",
      "Wallets that somehow rely on bloom filters need to implement an alternative.",
      "Any tooling that fetches information using execution bloom filters will break and needs to change.",
      "No direct impact on L2s, they can decide whether to follow the change or keep filters.",
      "No impact on node operation.",
      "No changes for consensus clients.",
      "Execution clients need to stop creating bloom filters and including them in blocks, instead just returning empty field..",
      "Simplifies the protocol by removing outdated bloom filter mechanism.",
      "Encourages development of alternative decentralized querying solutions."
    ],
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    "id": 7675,
    "title": "EIP-7675: Retroactively Included EIPs",
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    "id": 7676,
    "title": "EIP-7676: EOF - Prepare for Address Space Extension",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
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    "id": 7684,
    "title": "EIP-7684: Return deposits for distinct credentials",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
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    "id": 7685,
    "title": "EIP-7685: General purpose execution layer requests",
    "status": "Final",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Creates a standard way to communicate messages from EL contracts to CL, providing space to various request types in the future.",
    "impacts": [
      "No changes for users.",
      "Smart contract developers can now utilize new features to communicate with Beacon chain",
      "No changes for wallets.",
      "Monitoring tools cana analyze new types of requests.",
      "No impact on L2s directly.",
      "More options to manage validators from onchain operations, mainly for pools..",
      "Handling new request types from EL.",
      "Implementing new system contracts and requests.",
      "More native and easy communication between EL and CL",
      "More features and security for users"
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        "snippet": "Creates a standard way to communicate messages from EL contracts to CL, providing space to various request types in the future."
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    "id": 7686,
    "title": "EIP-7686: Linear EVM memory limits",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This proposal ties how much EVM memory a transaction can use directly to its gas. It simplifies memory pricing rules so each unit of gas corresponds to at most one byte of memory, making worst-case resource use easier to understand for operators and developers.",
    "impacts": [
      "For ordinary users this change is largely invisible, mainly constraining unusually memory-heavy transactions that approach gas and resource limits.",
      "Contract developers may review patterns that access high memory with little gas, though typical applications fit within the new limits.",
      "Wallets that implement their own gas estimation must update memory-cost logic; others inherit the behavior change from underlying nodes.",
      "Gas analyzers, simulators, and tracing tools must update their memory cost and call-gas models to match the new linear rules.",
      "EVM-compatible rollups mirroring mainnet gas rules would implement the new memory limit and pricing to maintain behavior compatibility.",
      "Node operators benefit from a linear bound on per-transaction memory usage, simplifying capacity planning and reducing worst-case memory exhaustion risk.",
      "Consensus-layer clients see minimal direct impact; they mainly ensure testing and fork configuration align with updated execution-layer behavior.",
      "Execution-layer clients must update EVM memory-cost calculation, enforce the new per-context memory cap, and adjust call-gas logic accordingly.",
      "Provides a clear linear upper bound on total memory a transaction can consume.",
      "Simplifies EVM memory pricing by removing the quadratic term from the cost function.",
      "Makes worst-case resource usage easier to estimate for EVM executions and client operators.",
      "Aligns call-gas limits with memory usage, avoiding unbounded memory growth across nested sub-calls."
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-7686-linear-evm-memory-limits/19448",
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  {
    "id": 7688,
    "title": "EIP-7688: Forward compatible consensus data structures",
    "status": "Review",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This EIP stabilizes Merkle tree indices for all consensus data, preventing coincidental verifier breakage when fields are added, removed, or list capacities change during Ethereum upgrades.",
    "impacts": [
      "No direct impact",
      "Less maintenance for EIP-4788 based projects.",
      "No direct impact.",
      "Less maintenance for consensus light client components.",
      "Less maintenance for light client based bridges.",
      "Fewer required upgrades of staking pool delegate contracts.",
      "Greater flexibility for future consensus design changes.",
      "No direct impact.",
      "EIP-4788 projects no longer need upgrades or security council involvement for forks outside their data scope.",
      "CL developers can modify fields, list capacities, or cost functions without affecting verifiers.",
      "Bundling with ePBS avoids a second re-indexing in the future."
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-7688-forward-compatible-consensus-data-structures/19673",
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        "snippet": "This EIP stabilizes Merkle tree indices for all consensus data, preventing coincidental verifier breakage when fields are added, removed, or list capacities change during Ethereum upgrades."
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  },
  {
    "id": 7691,
    "title": "EIP-7691: Blob throughput increase",
    "status": "Final",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Doubles the target number of blobs per block (and raises the max) to increase L2 data capacity until future upgrades enable even more blobs.",
    "impacts": [
      "Lower fees on L2s as more blob space becomes available.",
      "Rollup apps benefit from cheaper data availability.",
      "No direct changes, potential fee improvements for L2 transactions.",
      "Monitoring should surface new blob target/max parameters.",
      "Directly increases throughput for rollups using blobs, more L2 scale.",
      "Slightly higher data propagation at the p2p layer within safe bounds.",
      "Parameters update that needed more optimization and testing",
      "Update blob gas accounting and targets.",
      "Higher data capacity for rollups",
      "Lower L2 fees in the near term",
      "Provides extra space before PeerDAS unlocks even more"
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        "snippet": "Doubles the target number of blobs per block (and raises the max) to increase L2 data capacity until future upgrades enable even more blobs."
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  {
    "id": 7692,
    "title": "EIP-7692: EVM Object Format (EOFv1) Meta",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Meta",
    "category": "Unknown",
    "summary": "This introduces a new container format for EVM bytecode that enables code versioning, removes complex jump analysis, and paves the way for new execution environments like RISC-V and EVM64 within the same contract. This EIP was Declined for Inclusion from Fusaka on [April 28th](https://blog.ethereum.org/2025/04/29/checkpoint-2#eof) due to a lack of consensus on implementation details and the resulting potential slowdown of shipping PeerDAS. It has been re-proposed as a headlining feature in Glamsterdam with multiple variants to address community concerns.",
    "impacts": [
      "Indirect benefits from improved contract performance and reduced gas costs for computationally intensive operations. Better reliability from enhanced code validation.",
      "Can use multiple execution environments within same contract - write normal logic in EVM and intensive computations in EVM64/RISC-V. Better code analysis tools and function support improve development experience.",
      "Minimal direct impact on wallet development, though improved contract reliability and performance benefit user experience indirectly.",
      "Major updates needed for debuggers, analyzers, and development tools to support EOF containers, multiple execution environments, and new bytecode format. Better analysis capabilities once implemented.",
      "Can leverage more efficient execution environments for proof generation and validation. Better code analysis aids in rollup optimization and security verification.",
      "Reduced computational overhead from eliminating JUMPDEST analysis. Potential increased complexity from supporting multiple execution environments within contracts.",
      "Minimal direct impact on consensus layer operations as this primarily affects execution layer bytecode processing and validation.",
      "Major implementation work for new bytecode container format, multiple execution environments, enhanced validation, and maintaining backwards compatibility with legacy bytecode.",
      "Enables incremental adoption of RISC-V and EVM64 within existing contracts",
      "Removes complex JUMPDEST analysis improving execution efficiency",
      "Provides code versioning for backward-incompatible protocol changes",
      "Enables better code analysis and development tooling",
      "Introduces first-class function support improving analysis opportunities",
      "Addresses multiple EVM pain points through container format",
      "Paves the way for maintaining existing toolchain while adding new capabilities",
      "Enables 'both EVM and RISC-V' rather than 'either EVM or RISC-V' approach"
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    "id": 7698,
    "title": "EIP-7698: EOF - Creation transaction",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This enables deploying EOF contracts using regular creation transactions (transactions with empty 'to' field). Since legacy CREATE and CREATE2 instructions cannot deploy EOF code, creation transactions are the only way to get the first EOF contracts on-chain. The transaction data contains an EOF initcontainer followed by calldata for constructor arguments. This approach allows existing deployment tooling to work without modification - developers can deploy EOF contracts the same way they deploy legacy contracts, just by concatenating constructor arguments with the initcontainer. The execution ends with a RETURNCODE instruction that specifies which subcontainer becomes the deployed contract.",
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    "id": 7701,
    "title": "EIP-7701: Native Account Abstraction",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
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    "id": 7702,
    "title": "EIP-7702: Set Code for EOAs",
    "status": "Final",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Enables an address to delegate its control to an existing smart contract, creating an account abstracted wallet with new programmable features.",
    "impacts": [
      "Better wallet UX with new features without migrating to a new address.",
      "Dapps can levarage new smart wallet features and enables users to do more complex operations easily.",
      "Wallets need to implement a secure workflow that allows users to activate a chosen smart account.",
      "Recognize new wallet operations and standard wallet contracts",
      "L2s can implement same feature to allow for better cross chain interop",
      "Validators are not affected.",
      "Consensus not changed.",
      "Support new transaction type and code authorization for EOAs to contract wallets.",
      "Brings account abstraction features to EOAs",
      "Better UX for users with features like gasless and batched transactions",
      "Provides alternative recovery options for wallets"
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-set-eoa-account-code-for-one-transaction/19923",
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    "id": 7703,
    "title": "EIP-7703: Increase calldata cost",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
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    "id": 7705,
    "title": "EIP-7705: NONREENTRANT and REENTRANT opcodes",
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    "type": "Standards Track",
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    "id": 7706,
    "title": "EIP-7706: Separate gas type for calldata",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
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    "id": 7707,
    "title": "EIP-7707: Incentivize Access List Provisioning",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
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    "id": 7708,
    "title": "EIP-7708: ETH transfers emit a log",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Make every ETH transfer—including from contracts and SELFDESTRUCT—emit an event log. Apps and explorers can track ETH movements uniformly, similar to ERC-20 transfers, improving deposit detection and reducing ad-hoc tracing.",
    "impacts": [
      "Deposits and withdrawals are detected more reliably across apps and exchanges; no change to how users send or receive ETH.",
      "Can subscribe to a standard ETH transfer log instead of tracing; requires small updates to indexers and business logic.",
      "Optionally watch a canonical event for ETH transfers to improve UX; otherwise existing send/receive flows remain unchanged.",
      "Explorers and data indexers must parse and surface the new log; moderate engineering to integrate, test, and backfill if desired.",
      "Rollups mirroring L1 EVM semantics may add the same log for consistency; others have no direct requirements.",
      "More log entries per block; execution node receipts grow slightly, increasing storage and bandwidth requirements for some RPC setups.",
      "No consensus-layer changes anticipated; minimal or no code modifications beyond recognizing updated receipt sizes from execution payloads.",
      "Implement emitting a log on value-transferring CALLs, transactions, and SELFDESTRUCT; update EVM and receipt construction; add tests.",
      "Unified, queryable signal for ETH transfers across EOAs and contracts.",
      "Reduces reliance on tracing for ETH balance change detection.",
      "Improves deposit handling for smart contract wallet senders.",
      "Simplifies indexing and analytics for ETH movement."
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    "id": 7709,
    "title": "EIP-7709: Read BLOCKHASH from storage and update cost",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Reading recent block hashes via the BLOCKHASH opcode currently relies on a special protocol shortcut. This change makes it work like any other storage read, using the EIP-2935 history contract, with matching gas costs. It removes a special case and helps stateless and proving systems treat block hashes uniformly.",
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      "Transactions calling BLOCKHASH for in-window ancestors will pay materially more gas than today, potentially raising fees in affected use-cases.",
      "Contracts and apps relying on cheap BLOCKHASH must be updated to account for SLOAD-style cold/warm gas costs; some may break or need redesign.",
      "Gas estimation for transactions touching BLOCKHASH must reflect the new cold/warm storage pricing.",
      "Gas estimators, simulators, debuggers, and static analyzers must update BLOCKHASH cost models to use SLOAD cold/warm semantics.",
      "Removes a protocol special case, simplifying execution witness construction and verification for stateless and proving-oriented L2 systems.",
      "No direct operational impact beyond running updated execution clients.",
      "No impact; this is an execution-layer change.",
      "Narrow change: route in-window BLOCKHASH through EIP-2935 storage with cold/warm SLOAD gas accounting and access tracking.",
      "Removes BLOCKHASH as a protocol special case",
      "Aligns gas cost with the actual storage resource accessed",
      "Simplifies witness construction for stateless execution",
      "Keeps recent block hashes consistent with state-access pricing"
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    "id": 7713,
    "title": "EIP-7713: Box type for EIP-712 messages",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Interface",
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    "id": 7716,
    "title": "EIP-7716: Anti-correlation attestation penalties",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
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  {
    "id": 7723,
    "title": "EIP-7723: Network Upgrade Inclusion Stages",
    "status": "Last Call",
    "type": "Meta",
    "category": "Unknown",
    "summary": "",
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    "id": 7727,
    "title": "EIP-7727: EVM Transaction Bundles",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
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    "id": 7732,
    "title": "EIP-7732: Enshrined Proposer-Builder Separation",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Proposes the decoupling of the consensus block from the execution payload, both in broadcast and validation. This feature enables L1 scaling by significantly changing the time required to both broadcast and executing the payload together with all the blob data, from the current ~2 seconds to aproximately ~9 seconds. It allows for a maximum portion of the slot to be spent in propagation large data.",
    "impacts": [
      "Second order effect of lower prices and higher tx throughput.",
      "No direct impact. It enables applications to leverage previous builder information, something that is not currently available. It enables trustless preconfirmation schemes.",
      "No direct impact. It enables wallets to send encrypted txs to anonymous builders.",
      "Explorers and block monitors need updates to handle the separation of the beacon block from the payload.",
      "Second order effect of higher blob count being possible.",
      "Major changes and updates are needed for trustless monitoring in staking pools. Staking UX is improved by a refined builder picking and monitoring.",
      "Major changes for CL clients",
      "No changes for EL clients.",
      "Better slot utilization getting close to 100% utilization for broadcasting + execution",
      "Removal of most of the heavy work from the hot path of block validation.",
      "Removal of trust assumptions for proposers and builders.",
      "Removal of trust assumptions on off-protocol closed source software."
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    "id": 7736,
    "title": "EIP-7736: Leaf-level state expiry in verkle trees",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
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    "id": 7742,
    "title": "EIP-7742: Uncouple blob count between CL and EL",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
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  {
    "id": 7745,
    "title": "EIP-7745: Trustless log and transaction index",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Ethereum currently uses bloom filters in each block header to help search event logs, but they are inefficient today. This proposal replaces them with a new Merkle-based log index that uses moderate extra consensus data yet greatly reduces bandwidth and computation for finding events, especially for light clients and indexing services.",
    "impacts": [
      "Indirect impact: improved performance and reliability of dapps or explorers that rely on historical event searches, especially on bandwidth-constrained devices.",
      "Log-heavy applications may gain cheaper, more scalable indexing and queries, but need underlying infrastructure updated to support the new index.",
      "Wallets performing event lookups or light-client verification may adopt log-index proofs or depend on upgraded infrastructure providers and RPCs.",
      "Indexers, explorers, DHT-based log networks and RPC providers must implement the new global log index, filter-map structure and Merkle-proof generation.",
      "Specification targets L1 execution; no direct changes for L2s unless they mirror L1 header fields or adopt this log index.",
      "Validators and full nodes must construct log index state per block, maintain consensus data and integrate changes into fork-handling logic.",
      "Consensus clients treat log_index_root as opaque execution data but must update header schemas, fork logic and networking to recognize it.",
      "Execution clients must maintain the LogIndex, replace logs_bloom with log_index_root, manage filter maps and Merkle trees, and extend RPCs.",
      "Enables efficient, Merkle-provable log searches that touch only small portions of the global log dataset.",
      "Maintains consistently low false positive rates even as block gas limits and log volumes increase.",
      "Reduces bandwidth for log-event discovery by orders of magnitude compared with existing per-block bloom filters.",
      "Provides precise block and transaction positions for candidate hits, minimizing unnecessary receipt fetches during log queries."
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    "id": 7748,
    "title": "EIP-7748: State conversion to Verkle Tree",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
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    "id": 7749,
    "title": "EIP-7749: Add wallet_signIntendedValidatorData method",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Interface",
    "summary": "",
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    "id": 7756,
    "title": "EIP-7756: EOF/EVM Trace Specification",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Interface",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
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    "id": 7761,
    "title": "EIP-7761: EXTCODETYPE instruction",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This adds an EXTCODETYPE instruction to EOF contracts to distinguish between different account types. EOF removes code introspection capabilities like EXTCODESIZE, but this creates problems for ERC-721 and ERC-1155 tokens that need to know whether a recipient is an EOA (externally owned account) or a contract to implement safe transfers correctly. EXTCODETYPE returns 0 for no code (EOA), 1 for legacy contracts, and 2 for EOF contracts. This enables proper implementation of token standards in EOF while also helping proxy contracts verify that their upgrade targets are safe to call with EXTDELEGATECALL.",
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    "id": 7762,
    "title": "EIP-7762: Increase MIN_BASE_FEE_PER_BLOB_GAS",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This increases the minimum blob base fee from 1 wei to 2^25 wei (about 33 million times higher) to speed up blob price discovery. Currently, when blob demand exceeds supply, it takes too long for prices to climb from the extremely low minimum to actual market rates. The new minimum corresponds to about 1 cent at current ETH prices, similar to the cost of a simple transaction when gas fees are low. The change also resets excess blob gas to zero to prevent a sudden price spike when the upgrade activates. This helps blob-based rollups reach appropriate pricing faster during high-demand periods.",
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    "id": 7768,
    "title": "EIP-7768: No-Ether transactions with free-for-all tips",
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    "id": 7773,
    "title": "EIP-7773: Hardfork Meta - Glamsterdam",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Meta",
    "category": "Unknown",
    "summary": "",
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    "id": 7775,
    "title": "EIP-7775: BURN opcode",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
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    "id": 7778,
    "title": "EIP-7778: Block Gas Accounting without Refunds",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Closes a loophole where gas refunds let blocks pack extra work. Refunds still reduce user costs, but don't shrink the block's counted gas. Aligns block size with real EVM work and reduces worst-case block-size variance.",
    "impacts": [
      "No substantial direct impact; transactions execute as before. Refunds still discount user costs but no longer shrink counted block gas.",
      "Contracts generally unchanged. Only strategies exploiting large refunds lose ability to help pack extra computation into blocks via accounting quirks.",
      "No changes required. Gas estimation, fee math, and refund display remain the same at the transaction level for users today.",
      "Block builders, simulators, and analyzers should enforce and reflect gross block-gas accounting; update tests and dashboards to avoid refund-based variance.",
      "Minimal direct impact. Sequencers mirroring L1 semantics may adopt same accounting; otherwise, no changes to rollup fee or capacity models.",
      "Lower variance in execution work per block improves predictability and reduces pathological worst-case loads; efficiency gains from smoother resource usage.",
      "No consensus-layer changes expected; negligible impact beyond observing more consistent block execution times on the execution layer during validation overhead.",
      "Must implement block accounting change and tests; ensure refunds don't reduce block-gas used. Otherwise limited complexity and compatibility concerns overall.",
      "Aligns block gas with actual EVM work.",
      "Prevents refund-based circumvention of block limits.",
      "Reduces worst-case block size variance.",
      "Improves node execution predictability and safety."
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    "id": 7782,
    "title": "EIP-7782: Reduce Block Latency",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This reduces Ethereum's slot time from 12 seconds to 6 seconds, making Ethereum a better confirmation engine for apps and rollups. Everyone benefits: users get faster confirmations with better censorship resistance, DeFi gets more efficient trading with lower fees, stakers get lower reward variability, and nodes get better resource utilization with smoother bandwidth usage.",
    "impacts": [
      "Transaction confirmations in 3 seconds (on average) instead of 6, with better censorship resistance from 2x more proposers per second. DeFi users enjoy lower trading fees and reduced slippage from more efficient exchanges with frequent price updates.",
      "Can build more responsive applications with frequent data triggers reducing staleness. DeFi protocols benefit from tighter spreads, reduced arbitrage losses, and flywheel effects attracting more liquidity and traders.",
      "Can display fresher chain data following transaction inclusion with 6-second head updates. Need to update timing assumptions but deliver significantly improved user responsiveness.",
      "Block explorers and infrastructure need conditional logic for slot times to handle historical 12s blocks and new 6s blocks. Must implement millisecond-precision timing instead of seconds.",
      "Receive L1 finality, safe confirmations, and block inclusion all twice as fast. Based rollups see their sequencing clock move twice as fast. Interoperability protocols get quicker actionable signals.",
      "Lower reward variability from smaller, more frequent rewards reducing pooling incentives. Better resource utilization with smoother bandwidth usage, but must handle doubled consensus message frequency and new subslot timing (3s/1.5s/1.5s).",
      "Major implementation for conditional slot timing logic, new subslot schedules (3s block proposal, 1.5s attestations, 1.5s aggregation), and doubled consensus message processing while maintaining validator participation.",
      "Gas limit votes halved to maintain \"gas per 12 seconds\" throughput semantics. Blob targets and limits halved. May need investigation of contracts assuming fixed 12-second slot times.",
      "Halves transaction confirmation time from maximum 12s to maximum 6s with better censorship resistance",
      "Makes DeFi exchanges more efficient with frequent price updates and reduced arbitrage losses",
      "Creates healthier block construction markets with more frequent, smaller auction opportunities",
      "Improves interoperability with faster L1 finality for rollups and bridges",
      "Reduces staking reward variability, benefiting solo stakers and home operators",
      "Smooths bandwidth usage with better resource utilization for node operators",
      "Enables flywheel effects attracting more liquidity and traders to Ethereum",
      "Maintains current throughput while doubling proposer frequency per unit time"
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    "id": 7783,
    "title": "EIP-7783: Add Controlled Gas Limit Increase Strategy",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Informational",
    "category": "Unknown",
    "summary": "This proposes automatic, controlled gas limit increases over time instead of relying on manual adjustments by validators. Currently, gas limits change unpredictably based on individual validator decisions, which can cause network performance issues. The EIP offers three strategies: linear (fixed increase per block), stepwise (increases in steps), and exponential (doubling over intervals). Each includes safeguards like deactivation blocks to prevent indefinite growth. This provides predictable network scaling while giving the ecosystem time to adapt to larger block sizes, and validators retain the ability to halt increases if problems arise.",
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    "id": 7784,
    "title": "EIP-7784: GETCONTRACT opcode",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
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    "id": 7788,
    "title": "EIP-7788: Dynamic target blob count",
    "status": "Withdrawn",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-7788-dynamic-target-blob-count/21399",
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    "id": 7790,
    "title": "EIP-7790: Controlled Gas Limit Increase Guidelines",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Informational",
    "category": "Unknown",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-7790-parameters-to-increase-the-gas-limit/21435",
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  {
    "id": 7791,
    "title": "EIP-7791: GAS2ETH opcode",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "EIP-7791 creates native fee mechanism for decentralized application by introducing a new GAS2ETH opcode that allows smart contracts to convert gas directly into ETH and send it to a specified address. It provides a new monetization mechanism for smart contract authors and public goods projects that scales with network usage. Instead of complex fee structures or token schemes, developers can charge gas (which users already understand) and receive proportional compensation during high network activity periods. The opcode takes a target address and gas amount, deducts the gas from the transaction, calculates the ETH value using the current gas price, and transfers that ETH to the specified address.",
    "impacts": [
      "Users can automatically support developers of dapps they are using without using any third party tokens or tools.",
      "Contract developers can receive fees propotional to usage of their contract and benefit from its success without building any external mechanism.",
      "Wallets are estimating gas fees as always but when interacting with contracts using this opcode, the estimated fee will include the regular network fee and portion paid to the contract beneficiary address.",
      "Compilers will have to implement the new opcode and provide new tooling for developers to use it. Explorers should recognize the new fee structure and display the new fee structure. ",
      "EVM-equivalent L2s implementing this opcode mirror mainnet behavior; optional adoption otherwise. Expect routine client updates, testing, and gas schedule alignment.",
      "Node operators simply upgrade clients at fork; runtime behavior unchanged.",
      "This is EVM only change, consensus changes expected for CL; only standard fork coordination.",
      "Execution clients need to modify their EVM implementation, gas estimation and metering functions which introduces new complexity.",
      "Native way for dapp developers to benefit from success of their work without relying on tokens, DAOs or external profit/public goods mechanisms",
      "Fair distribution of fees proportional to contract usage.",
      "Simple and clear UX for dapp users who can continue using their wallets with regular gas fee estimates as before."
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    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-7791-gas2eth-opcode/21418",
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    "id": 7792,
    "title": "EIP-7792: Verifiable logs",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-7792-verifiable-logs/21424",
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    "id": 7793,
    "title": "EIP-7793: Conditional Transactions",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Adds support for conditional transaction that is only valid at a chosen spot in a block, improving support for encrypted mempools.",
    "impacts": [
      "Improves the option of using encrypted mempool for users trying to avoid MEV.",
      "Apps can take advantage of new features and TXINDEX opcode to identify position of the transaction in block.",
      "Wallets that support encrypted mempools should support new conditional transaction type fields.",
      "Can add decoding and display information for transaction with conditions, displaying TXINDEX data.",
      "L2s unaffected unless they choose to implement equivalent semantics.",
      "No direct change to nodes, validators need to make sure their external builders support the change..",
      "Indirectly affected via EIP-7843 (if included) dependency exposing slot in headers; otherwise no consensus changes specific to conditional transactions.",
      "Must implement new transaction type with condition checks and TXINDEX opcode.",
      "Enforces mempool ordering, preventing builder reordering and frontrunning.",
      "Provides TXINDEX opcode for onchain verification of declared conditional transaction index."
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-7793-asserttxindex-opcode/21513",
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    "id": 7797,
    "title": "EIP-7797: Double speed for hash_tree_root",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
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    "id": 7799,
    "title": "EIP-7799: System logs",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
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  {
    "id": 7801,
    "title": "EIP-7801: etha - Sharded Blocks Subprotocol",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Networking",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-7801-etha-sharded-blocks-subprotocol/21507",
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    "id": 7804,
    "title": "EIP-7804: Withdrawal Credential Update Request",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
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    "id": 7805,
    "title": "EIP-7805: Fork-choice enforced Inclusion Lists (FOCIL)",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "FOCIL empowers multiple validators to mandate the inclusion of specific transactions in each block, thereby improving the network's censorship resistance properties.",
    "impacts": [
      "Strong protection against transaction censorship for all end users, guaranteed inclusion for valid transactions, and improved confidence in Ethereum's credible neutrality.",
      "Can build applications with stronger inclusion guarantees and reduced concerns about application-specific censorship.",
      "Can provide users with stronger transaction inclusion guarantees and better protection against selective censorship.",
      "Censorship monitoring tools, inclusion list analysis, and validator behavior tracking systems need major updates after FOCIL implementation.",
      "More censorship-resistant L1 settlement provides stronger guarantees for Layer 2 transaction processing, bridge operations, and reduces rollup challenge period risks.",
      "Validators must now build inclusion lists according to the protocol rules, and attesters must enforce inclusion lists conditions are satisfied before voting for a block.",
      "Major implementation work required for inclusion lists propagation and enforcement, including fork-choice modifications.",
      "Need build inclusion lists, to update the execution payload with inclusion list transactions, and communicate with the consensus layer.",
      "Provides strong censorship resistance guarantees",
      "Ensures fair access to block space for all users",
      "Strengthens Ethereum's credible neutrality"
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  {
    "id": 7807,
    "title": "EIP-7807: SSZ execution blocks",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This changes how Ethereum stores and shares block data between its two layers. Instead of converting between multiple formats (JSON, RLP, SSZ), everything uses one binary format. This makes blocks faster to transmit, easier to verify, and enables efficient proofs of specific data without needing entire blocks.",
    "impacts": [
      "No visible change. Internal encoding improvements don't affect how users send or receive transactions.",
      "Smart contracts depending on block header binary format or linear keccak256 hashing must update their verification logic.",
      "Light client proofs become more efficient with SSZ Merkle trees. Forward-compatible proof verification reduces maintenance.",
      "Must update to handle SSZ-encoded blocks, new tree-based roots, and binary API responses instead of JSON.",
      "More efficient data proofs and verification. Simpler integration as CL and EL share unified data structures.",
      "Must run updated clients. CL sync simplifies as it no longer needs RLP/MPT support during EL maintenance.",
      "Major simplification. Can compute block hash autonomously and verify consistency without async EL communication.",
      "Major implementation work: SSZ library, header restructuring, hash changes, database and networking updates.",
      "Binary engine API reduces data exchange ~50%, improving CL-EL latency",
      "CL can verify block hashes autonomously without waiting for EL responses",
      "Individual block header fields become provable without full headers",
      "Forward-compatible proofs via SSZ ProgressiveContainer reduce maintenance"
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    "id": 7808,
    "title": "EIP-7808: Reserve Tx-Type Range for RIPs",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Meta",
    "category": "Unknown",
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    "id": 7819,
    "title": "EIP-7819: SETDELEGATE instruction",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Adds a new instruction for upgradeable, lightweight contract clones via EIP-7702 delegation. This is similar to upgradable proxy contracts but enabled natively on protocol level, therfore cutting gas and complexity.",
    "impacts": [
      "Most users see unchanged behavior; some smart accounts may become cheaper and smoother, with minor upgrade-related risk managed by factories.",
      "Contract developers get a way to create upgradeable clones, reducing gas and complexity; must guard against chaining and immediate delegation changes.",
      "Smart-account wallets may benefit from cheaper verification and operations; minimal code changes expected, aside from supporting delegation-aware introspection and risk messaging.",
      "Explorers, indexers, and debuggers should recognize delegation indicators and mid-transaction updates; otherwise limited changes beyond existing EIP-7702 handling.",
      "EVM-equivalent L2s implementing this opcode mirror mainnet behavior; optional adoption otherwise. Expect routine client updates, testing, and gas schedule alignment.",
      "Node operators simply upgrade clients at fork; runtime behavior unchanged. Increased use of delegations may slightly affect tracing tools, not validation.",
      "No consensus changes expected for CL; only standard fork coordination. No new serialization, gossip, or signature rules introduced by this opcode.",
      "Must implement SETDELEGATE semantics, gas accounting, refunds, and EIP-2929 touches; ensure compatibility with EIP-7702 delegation indicators and immediate-effect code updates.",
      "Upgradeable clones without storage lookups, using EIP-7702 delegation indicators.",
      "Lower gas by moving call redirection from EVM bytecode to protocol.",
      "Smaller state footprint than proxies; delegation objects are only 23 bytes.",
      "Immediate, factory-controlled upgrades or locking, reducing complexity in account factories."
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-7819-create-delegate/21763",
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  {
    "id": 7823,
    "title": "EIP-7823: Set upper bounds for MODEXP",
    "status": "Final",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This introduces a 8192-bit (1024 byte) limit on each input to the MODEXP cryptographic precompile. MODEXP has been a source of consensus bugs due to unbounded inputs. By setting practical limits that cover all real-world use cases (like RSA verification), this reduces the testing surface area and paves the way for future replacement with more efficient EVM code.",
    "impacts": [
      "No impact - analysis shows no historical transactions would be affected by these limits.",
      "Applications using very large cryptographic operations (>8192 bits) would need to restructure, but no known use cases exist.",
      "No user-facing impact as limits exceed all practical cryptographic use cases.",
      "Gas estimation and fee calculation tools need updates for the new ModExp pricing formula.",
      "Provides more predictable gas costs for cryptographic operations in L2 smart contracts.",
      "Reduced risk of consensus bugs and more predictable resource usage for MODEXP operations.",
      "No changes required for consensus layer implementations.",
      "Must implement bounds checking for MODEXP inputs and handle new error conditions for oversized inputs.",
      "Eliminates underpriced cryptographic operations",
      "Prevents potential DoS attacks",
      "Better compensation for computational work",
      "More consistent gas pricing"
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-7823-set-upper-bounds-for-modexp/21798",
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  {
    "id": 7825,
    "title": "EIP-7825: Transaction Gas Limit Cap",
    "status": "Final",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This introduces a 16,777,216 gas (2^24) cap for individual transactions, preventing any single transaction from consuming most of a block. The goal is to ensure fairer access to block space and improve network stability.",
    "impacts": [
      "Most users unaffected as typical transactions use far less than 16.8M gas. Edge cases with very complex operations may need to restructure.",
      "Applications with very large transactions (complex DeFi, large contract deployments) may need to split operations or redesign architecture to stay under the cap.",
      "Need to enforce the gas cap in transaction creation, but most wallet operations are well below the limit.",
      "Gas estimation tools, transaction builders, and deployment scripts need updates to enforce the 16.8M gas cap.",
      "Could impact future L2 bundling strategies and settlement transaction designs. May conflict with efficient batch processing approaches.",
      "More predictable block processing times and reduced risk of validation bottlenecks from extremely large transactions.",
      "No direct impact on consensus layer operations as this affects execution layer transaction validation.",
      "Need to implement transaction pool validation to reject transactions exceeding the gas cap and block validation to reject blocks containing invalid transactions.",
      "Prevents single transactions from hogging block space",
      "Ensures fairer access for all users",
      "Reduces network instability risks",
      "Enables safer block capacity increases"
    ],
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  {
    "id": 7830,
    "title": "EIP-7830: Contract size limit increase for EOF",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
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  {
    "id": 7833,
    "title": "EIP-7833: Scheduled function calls",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-7833-scheduled-function-calls/21975",
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  },
  {
    "id": 7834,
    "title": "EIP-7834: Separate Metadata Section for EOF",
    "status": "Review",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This adds a dedicated metadata section to EOF contracts that is completely separate from executable code and data. Currently, compilers include metadata (like compiler versions, IPFS hashes of source files) by mixing it with contract data, which creates problems for source code verification and causes different bytecode when metadata changes. The new metadata section solves these issues by being unreachable by contract execution, unchanging after deployment, and clearly separated from functional code. This makes source code verification much easier and ensures that contracts with identical logic but different metadata will have the same executable bytecode.",
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  {
    "id": 7840,
    "title": "EIP-7840: Add blob schedule to EL config files",
    "status": "Final",
    "type": "Informational",
    "category": "Unknown",
    "summary": "Adds a new blob related parameters to client config so targets, maximums, and fee adjustments can be easily configured.",
    "impacts": [
      "No direct impact.",
      "No changes for contract developers.",
      "No impact on wallets.",
      "Simplifies introspection of blob parameters from network configs.",
      "Rollups can benefit from clearer capacity settings.",
      "Easier to follow blob schedule updates.",
      "CL needs to be aware of new config fields.",
      "Genesis configuration processing needs to implement new fields.",
      "Reduces coordination overhead between clients",
      "Enables dynamic tuning of blob capacity",
      "Improves ops clarity for testnets"
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/add-blob-schedule-to-execution-client-configuration-files/22182",
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  {
    "id": 7843,
    "title": "EIP-7843: SLOTNUM opcode",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Let contracts directly read the current slot number cheaply, removing timestamp math and reducing breakage if Ethereum's slot duration changes later.",
    "impacts": [
      "Indirectly benefits from more reliable app timing if slot duration changes in future networks.",
      "Simplifies reading beacon time onchain, avoiding timestamp math and EIP-4788 proofs; fewer assumptions about the slot schedule.",
      "Little to no impact; wallets typically don't consume slot numbers. Optional UI or simulation support could display it.",
      "Block explorers, RPC simulators, and debuggers may add opcode support and parse the new header slot_number field.",
      "Optional support; helpful if mirroring L1 semantics. Not required unless chains want SLOTNUM compatibility and header field parity.",
      "No operational changes expected; clients handle computation and propagation. Node operators shouldn't need configuration or workflow updates.",
      "Must compute slot_number and include it in headers and engine API payloads; aligns with existing consensus-layer slot calculations.",
      "Implement new opcode, validate header field, expose via RPC, and price gas; updates required across execution clients.",
      "Removes hardcoded slot assumptions; apps remain correct if slot duration changes.",
      "Cheaper than proving slot via EIP-4788; simple 2-gas opcode call.",
      "Slot number available directly in block header and engine API.",
      "No added proving complexity; similar to TIMESTAMP for ZK-VMs."
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-7843-slotnum-opcode/22234",
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  {
    "id": 7848,
    "title": "EIP-7848: On-chain upgrade signaling",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
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        "snippet": ""
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    ]
  },
  {
    "id": 7851,
    "title": "EIP-7851: Code-Controlled EOA Delegation",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-7851-code-controlled-eoa-delegation/22344",
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  {
    "id": 7862,
    "title": "EIP-7862: Delayed State Root",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
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  {
    "id": 7863,
    "title": "EIP-7863: Block-level Warming",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
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  {
    "id": 7864,
    "title": "EIP-7864: Ethereum state using a unified binary tree",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
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    ]
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    "id": 7867,
    "title": "EIP-7867: Flow Control Wallet Call Capability",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Interface",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/wallet-sendcalls-capability-flow-control/22624",
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    "id": 7870,
    "title": "EIP-7870: Hardware and Bandwidth Recommendations",
    "status": "Living",
    "type": "Informational",
    "category": "Unknown",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/hardware-and-bandwidth-recommendations-for-full-nodes-and-validators/22675",
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  {
    "id": 7872,
    "title": "EIP-7872: Max blob flag for local builders",
    "status": "Review",
    "type": "Meta",
    "category": "Unknown",
    "summary": "Lets node operators set a cap on how many blob-carrying transactions their local builder includes in a block, helping bandwidth-constrained setups avoid overfilling blocks with blobs.",
    "impacts": [
      "No direct UX changes; transaction semantics remain identical. Only block composition may vary by operator settings.",
      "No EVM or API changes. Apps sending blob transactions behave the same; inclusion depends on local builder caps.",
      "No transaction format or signing changes. Wallet functionality unaffected by this configuration-only execution change.",
      "Execution-layer builder tooling should expose and respect a configurable max-blobs parameter. Relays and CL nodes unchanged.",
      "No protocol changes. Locally built L1 blocks may include fewer blob transactions when operators configure lower caps.",
      "Validators running local builders gain a tuning knob aligned with bandwidth. No consensus or fork-choice changes.",
      "No code changes expected; EL-only behavior. Headers, fork choice, and gossip remain unchanged for consensus clients.",
      "Add a config flag and enforce it during blob tx selection. Validate against protocol maximum and local cap.",
      "Gives operators control over blob load.",
      "Mitigates blob availability risks on low bandwidth.",
      "EL-only change with limited surface area.",
      "No changes to transaction or consensus formats."
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    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/max-blob-flags-for-local-builders/22734",
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    "id": 7873,
    "title": "EIP-7873: EOF - TXCREATE and InitcodeTransaction type",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This introduces a new way to deploy EOF contracts by adding a TXCREATE instruction and a special InitcodeTransaction type. The problem it solves is that EOF removes the traditional CREATE and CREATE2 instructions used to deploy contracts. With this EIP, both regular users (EOAs) and smart contracts can deploy EOF contracts by including the contract code directly in transaction data and using TXCREATE to deploy it. This works alongside the existing EOFCREATE instruction, giving developers all the contract creation capabilities they had before EOF. The TXCREATE instruction can also deploy legacy contracts, making it a universal bootstrapping mechanism for getting EOF contracts onto the blockchain.",
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    "id": 7877,
    "title": "EIP-7877: Enhanced RETURN opcodes",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
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    "id": 7880,
    "title": "EIP-7880: EOF - EXTCODEADDRESS instruction",
    "status": "Review",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This adds a new EXTCODEADDRESS instruction to EOF contracts that helps them work with EIP-7702 delegation accounts without breaking EOF's no-code-introspection rule. The problem it solves is that EOF removes the ability to read raw contract code, but contracts still need to know when an account is delegating execution to another address. This instruction takes an address and returns the actual address that will execute the code - for regular accounts it returns the same address, but for delegated accounts it returns the address they're delegating to. This enables important use cases like managed proxy contracts ensuring they don't delegate to unsafe addresses, sponsorship contracts verifying delegation hasn't changed during a transaction, and security-conscious contracts that only accept specific delegation targets.",
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        "label": "EIP-7880: EOF - EXTCODEADDRESS instruction",
        "snippet": "This adds a new EXTCODEADDRESS instruction to EOF contracts that helps them work with EIP-7702 delegation accounts without breaking EOF's no-code-introspection rule. The problem it solves is that EOF removes the ability "
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  },
  {
    "id": 7883,
    "title": "EIP-7883: ModExp Gas Cost Increase",
    "status": "Final",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This increases the gas cost of the ModExp cryptographic precompile to address underpriced operations. It raises the minimum cost from 200 to 500 gas and doubles costs for large inputs over 32 bytes.",
    "impacts": [
      "Most users unaffected. Applications using ModExp with large inputs (>32 bytes) will see increased gas costs.",
      "Applications using RSA verification, large modular exponentiation, or cryptographic protocols with big numbers may need to optimize or budget for higher costs.",
      "No impact as wallets typically don't use ModExp precompile directly.",
      "Gas estimation and fee calculation tools need updates for the new ModExp pricing formula.",
      "L2s using ModExp precompile for cryptographic operations will see increased costs for large input operations.",
      "Better compensation alignment for computational work, reduced risk of DoS attacks through underpriced operations.",
      "No direct impact on consensus layer operations as this affects execution layer precompile pricing.",
      "Need to implement the updated ModExp pricing formula with new minimum costs and scaling factors for large inputs.",
      "Fixes underpriced ModExp operations that cost less than simpler precompiles",
      "Ensures ModExp pricing reflects actual computational cost",
      "Prevents potential DoS from cheap complex operations",
      "Aligns gas costs with performance benchmarks"
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-7883-modexp-gas-cost-increase/22841",
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  {
    "id": 7885,
    "title": "EIP-7885: Precompile for NTT operations",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
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  {
    "id": 7886,
    "title": "EIP-7886: Delayed execution",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Lets validators attest before execution by deferring execution outputs, improving throughput headroom.",
    "impacts": [
      "Largely transparent; faster attestations possible, but no guaranteed MEV/fairness changes. Same-block funding patterns may fail due to pre-checks.",
      "Must handle deferred receipts/logs in the child header and possible payload reversion; core application semantics and APIs remain unchanged.",
      "Adapt UX for attestation-before-execution, surfacing pending states; enforce nonce/balance prechecks and warn about same-block funding limitations.",
      "Indexers, explorers, and RPCs must track deferred execution outputs, the execution_reverted flag, and updated base-fee behavior for reverted parents.",
      "Bridges and settlement relying on L1 receipts should accommodate one-block deferral and detect reverted-parent semantics; data availability rules remain unchanged.",
      "Validators/proposers attest earlier after static checks; need new header validation, deferred-output tracking, and off-critical-path execution scheduling.",
      "Must process new header fields and parent flags, manage EL request deferrals, and integrate with EL without changing fork-choice rules.",
      "Significant work: split static validation from execution, implement sender pre-charging, snapshots/reversion, new chain-state tracking, and base-fee handling for reverts.",
      "Asynchronous attestation before execution reduces the critical path, enabling higher gas limits and overall network throughput.",
      "Minimal checks using previous state and parent outputs let validators deem blocks valid without executing transactions.",
      "Senders are pre-charged maximum fees and balances/nonces verified, significantly reducing execution-time failures and fragile same-block dependencies.",
      "Snapshot-and-revert preserves liveness: mismatched gas used resets receipts, logs, and execution outputs without discarding blocks from the chain.",
      "Base-fee dynamics remain fair: reverted parents count as zero gas used, preventing fee-market manipulation via overdeclared usage."
    ],
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  {
    "id": 7889,
    "title": "EIP-7889: Emit log on revert",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This automatically makes error messages from failed transactions easily accessible by emitting them as logs. Currently, when a transaction fails (reverts), the error message explaining why it failed is hard to get - you need to request expensive transaction tracing to access it. This creates overhead for users who want to understand why their transaction failed and for nodes that have to replay entire transactions just to extract small error messages. This EIP solves the problem by automatically emitting a log containing the revert message whenever the REVERT opcode is called. This makes error messages accessible through standard RPC calls without any tracing, helping wallets, block explorers, and other tools display helpful error messages to users. It's completely backward compatible and doesn't require any new opcodes or RPC methods.",
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  {
    "id": 7892,
    "title": "EIP-7892: Blob Parameter Only Hardforks",
    "status": "Final",
    "type": "Informational",
    "category": "Unknown",
    "summary": "This creates a new lightweight process to adjust blob storage parameters. Instead of waiting for a major upgrade, Ethereum can make smaller, more frequent adjustments to blob capacity to accommodate changing demand from Layer 2s.",
    "impacts": [
      "Indirect benefits through more responsive blob capacity scaling leading to lower and more stable L2 transaction costs.",
      "More predictable data availability scaling gives developers confidence to build applications requiring consistent blob capacity growth.",
      "Minimal direct impact. Benefits indirectly through improved L2 scaling economics and more stable transaction costs.",
      "Major updates needed for upgrade tracking, blob parameter monitoring, and tooling to handle the new BPO fork mechanism.",
      "Critical for L2 growth strategy - enables continuous scaling of data availability capacity to match rapidly growing demand without waiting for major hard forks.",
      "Need to handle more frequent but lighter-weight network upgrades. Simplified upgrade process reduces operational overhead compared to full hard forks.",
      "Significant changes needed for blob schedule management, modified compute_fork_digest implementation, and P2P networking updates including ENR extensions.",
      "Major implementation work required for blob schedule configuration management, activation timestamp handling, and coordination with consensus layer blob parameter changes.",
      "Faster response to Layer 2 data demand growth",
      "Lighter coordination than full network upgrades",
      "Predictable scaling roadmap for builders",
      "Safer capacity increases through smaller steps"
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-7892-blob-parameter-only-hardforks/23018",
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  {
    "id": 7896,
    "title": "EIP-7896: ABI attachment in `wallet_sendCalls`",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Interface",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
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  {
    "id": 7898,
    "title": "EIP-7898: Uncouple execution payload from beacon block",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This addresses a fundamental scalability bottleneck by separating transaction data from consensus data in Ethereum blocks. Currently, beacon blocks contain all transaction data embedded within them, but as Ethereum aims to increase block sizes (potentially by 10x), this creates serious networking and processing problems. Larger transaction payloads cause higher latencies for block transmission, increased bandwidth requirements, and longer block processing times that hurt validator performance. This EIP solves these issues by replacing the full transaction data in beacon blocks with just a header, while transmitting the actual transaction data separately. This allows the consensus layer to process blocks quickly while handling much larger transaction payloads independently. Additional benefits include reduced storage requirements for beacon nodes, more efficient proposer-builder separation, and laying groundwork for future innovations like ZK-proof-based execution validation where transaction data could be handled similarly to blobs with data availability sampling.",
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  {
    "id": 7903,
    "title": "EIP-7903: Remove Initcode Size Limit",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This removes the 49,152-byte limit on initialization code (initcode) that was introduced by EIP-3860. The problem this solves is that the current limit makes it unnecessarily difficult to deploy large, complex smart contracts that need to create multiple sub-contracts in a single transaction. For example, if you want to deploy a sophisticated DeFi protocol that consists of several interconnected contracts, you might hit the initcode limit even though each final contract stays under the 24KB deployed code limit (EIP-170). This forces developers to split deployments across multiple transactions, which is more expensive, less efficient, and breaks the clean abstractions that high-level programming languages try to provide. By removing this artificial limit, the EIP allows for more flexible deployment patterns while still maintaining security through existing gas costs that scale with initcode size. The per-block gas limit already naturally restricts initcode to reasonable sizes (around 16MB at current gas limits), making the 49KB cap redundant. This change is fully backward compatible and only removes restrictions without changing how contracts work.",
    "impacts": [
      "Not a direct impact on regular usage. But users who investage how was the contract setup and verifying what they interact it will have it more straightforward.",
      "Developers will hugely benefit from this change, especially when deploying big set of contracts with complex initialization. No workarounds and less complexity, only straight forward setup even for complex projects.",
      "No direct impact on wallet devs. If wallets have onchain infrastracture, their developers might benefit from easier deployments.",
      "Explorers need to be able to display the bigger initcode.",
      "EVM-equivalent need to implement the change to follow the execution layer specification.",
      "Node operators shouldn't notice a direct change because the bigger initcode still fits in the same block size. Over the time, stored initcode will take bigger part of the disk space.",
      "No consensus changes expected for CL; only standard fork coordination.",
      "EL clients implementation is simple, only removes or changes the hardcoded size limit.",
      "Smoother deployment of big projects, no more extra tooling needed.",
      "Developer experience is much more straightforward and follows industry standarts."
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/remove-initcode-size-limit/23066",
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  {
    "id": 7904,
    "title": "EIP-7904: Compute Gas Cost Increase",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Updates gas costs of all compute operatons to ensure they accurately reflect their computational workload.",
    "impacts": [
      "Users may see cost changes for certain transactions.",
      "Developers can optimize smart contracts with more accurate gas costs, greatly enhancing efficiency.",
      "Wallet developers may need to adjust fee estimation mechanisms based on new gas pricing.",
      "Tools must adapt to new gas cost structures to ensure accurate reporting and estimation.",
      "L2 solutions will need to align their gas pricing with changes introduced to maintain compatibility.",
      "Node operators will upgrade clients to manage new gas structures but should expect minimal disruption.",
      "No consensus changes expected; focus on routine fork coordination with existing protocols.",
      "Must adapt gas accounting and refunds, ensuring compatibility with existing EIP metrics and updates.",
      "Aligns gas pricing with empirical computational complexity.",
      "Improves network throughput by reducing gas cost of compute operations.",
      "Enhances the security of the network against abuse of single bottlenecks."
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/gas-cost-repricing-to-reflect-computational-complexity/23067",
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        "snippet": "Updates gas costs of all compute operatons to ensure they accurately reflect their computational workload."
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    ]
  },
  {
    "id": 7906,
    "title": "EIP-7906: Transaction Assertions via State Diff Opcode",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-restricted-behavior-transaction-type/23130",
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  {
    "id": 7907,
    "title": "EIP-7907: Meter Contract Code Size And Increase Limit",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Increases the contract code size limit from 24KB to 256KB and introduces gas metering for larger contracts. This will enable developers to deploy larger files and applications in a single contract instead of more complex multi contract architecture.",
    "impacts": [
      "Indirect benefits to users of applications in a single contract, potentially lower gas costs from reduced cross-contract calls.",
      "Eliminates major development constraints - can create larger, more complex contracts without splitting logic across multiple contracts or using proxies.",
      "No changes to regular wallets. Potential benefits to 7702 contracts for AA wallets, enabling more features in a single contract.",
      "Contract verification tools, static analysis, and deployment infrastructure need updates to handle larger contracts and new gas metering.",
      "L2s following this change will bring same benefits to their developer community.",
      "No changes for node operators.",
      "No changes on consensus layer.",
      "Need to change maximum allowed contract size and implement the new gas metering.",
      "Enables much larger smart contracts (10x size increase)",
      "Eliminates complex multi-contract workarounds for dapp developers",
      "Saves gas on operations that would otherwise require cross contract calls"
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-remove-contract-size-limit/23156",
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  {
    "id": 7910,
    "title": "EIP-7910: eth_config JSON-RPC Method",
    "status": "Final",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Interface",
    "summary": "Adds an eth_config API on Ethereum nodes so tools can read how clients are configured for current and upcoming forks, helping operators verify settings.",
    "impacts": [
      "End users do not interact with eth_config directly, but benefit from fewer consensus issues when operators confirm client configurations before forks.",
      "eth_config lets application developers who manage nodes inspect fork configuration; otherwise, the EIP does not define direct changes to application behavior.",
      "Wallet developers are not a primary audience in the EIP; impacts are limited to indirect reliability improvements from correctly configured nodes during fork activations.",
      "Monitoring and infrastructure tools can call eth_config to compare configurations across nodes, automate pre-fork validation scripts, and detect configuration mismatches before upgrades.",
      "Layer 2 systems are not explicitly targeted; they inherit any reliability improvements from better configured L1 nodes used for bridging and settlement.",
      "Node operators and validator teams are primary users: eth_config lets them inspect current and next fork parameters and confirm clients match published specifications.",
      "Consensus layer clients that support eth_config must add code to gather fork configuration, surface it via Engine API, and track future configuration fields.",
      "Execution layer clients implement the eth_config JSON-RPC method, assemble current/next/last configuration objects, ensure values stay synchronized with fork parameters, and handle caching or rate-limiting per recommendations.",
      "Makes node fork configurations visible through a standardized eth_config JSON-RPC method.",
      "Helps operators and monitoring tools confirm clients are correctly configured before scheduled hard forks.",
      "Reduces risk of consensus splits caused by misconfigured fork parameters across different clients.",
      "Provides a foundation for automated pre-fork validation scripts and cross-node configuration comparisons."
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eth-config-json-rpc-method/23183",
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  {
    "id": 7911,
    "title": "EIP-7911: Scaling Ethereum with a Perceptron Tree ZKP",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
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  {
    "id": 7912,
    "title": "EIP-7912: Pragmatic stack manipulation tools",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This adds practical stack manipulation tools to the EVM without requiring the complex EOF format. It extends the existing SWAP and DUP instructions to reach deeper stack positions (up to 24 positions), adds dynamic SWAPN and DUPN instructions for variable depth access, and introduces an EXCHANGE instruction that can swap any two arbitrary stack positions. These tools help compilers generate more efficient code when dealing with complex functions that have many local variables, reducing gas costs and bytecode size. Unlike previous attempts that required new code formats, this proposal works with existing legacy contracts by requiring specific PUSH instructions before the dynamic operations, making it a pragmatic solution that provides better stack access without breaking backward compatibility.",
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  {
    "id": 7915,
    "title": "EIP-7915: Adaptive mean reversion blob pricing",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
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  {
    "id": 7916,
    "title": "EIP-7916: SSZ ProgressiveList",
    "status": "Review",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-7916-ssz-progressivebytelist/23254",
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    "id": 7917,
    "title": "EIP-7917: Deterministic proposer lookahead",
    "status": "Final",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This makes Ethereum's block proposer schedule completely predictable ahead of time. Currently, validators can't know who will propose blocks in the next epoch until it starts, which creates uncertainty for MEV mitigation and preconfirmation protocols. This change pre-calculates and stores the proposer schedule for future epochs, making it deterministic and accessible to applications.",
    "impacts": [
      "Better protection from MEV extraction through improved preconfirmation services and more predictable transaction ordering.",
      "Can build more sophisticated MEV mitigation strategies and preconfirmation protocols with predictable proposer schedules.",
      "Can implement better MEV protection features and more reliable transaction timing predictions for users.",
      "MEV analysis tools, preconfirmation services, and block builder infrastructure need updates to leverage predictable proposer schedules.",
      "More predictable L1 block production timing improves Layer 2 settlement coordination and transaction scheduling.",
      "Minimal impact on validator operations, but provides better visibility into future proposer assignments.",
      "Need to implement proposer lookahead calculation and storage in beacon state, with additional computation at epoch boundaries.",
      "Minimal impact as this primarily affects consensus layer proposer scheduling and beacon state management.",
      "Improves predictability for based preconfirmation protocols",
      "Makes block proposer schedule deterministic"
    ],
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    "id": 7918,
    "title": "EIP-7918: Blob base fee bounded by execution cost",
    "status": "Final",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This addresses blob fee market problems by introducing a reserve price tied to execution costs. When Layer 2 execution costs dominate blob costs, this prevents the blob fee market from becoming ineffective at 1 wei. See a storybook-style explanation [here](https://notes.ethereum.org/@anderselowsson/AIG)!",
    "impacts": [
      "More stable and predictable Layer 2 transaction costs, avoiding dramatic fee spikes when blob market becomes inelastic.",
      "More predictable blob cost modeling for applications, especially those with consistent data posting patterns.",
      "More predictable fee estimation for Layer 2 transactions due to improved blob pricing stability.",
      "Blob fee estimation tools and Layer 2 cost analysis dashboards need updates for the new reserve price mechanism.",
      "Fundamental improvement to blob economics - prevents scenarios where blob fees become insignificant relative to execution costs, ensuring healthy fee market dynamics.",
      "Ensures fair compensation for KZG proof verification compute costs through minimum blob pricing tied to execution base fee.",
      "Minimal impact as this primarily affects execution layer blob fee calculation mechanisms.",
      "Need to implement modified calc_excess_blob_gas() function with new reserve price logic and BLOB_BASE_COST parameter.",
      "Prevents blob fee market collapse",
      "Maintains effective price discovery",
      "Ensures blob consumers pay fair market price for compute",
      "Reduces dramatic fee spikes"
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  {
    "id": 7919,
    "title": "EIP-7919: Pureth Meta",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Meta",
    "category": "Unknown",
    "summary": "This enables Ethereum nodes to provide cryptographic proofs with their responses, eliminating the need to trust RPC providers. Users can verify that data from any source is authentic without running their own full node.",
    "impacts": [
      "Can use any RPC provider securely without trust, access verified blockchain data from lightweight applications, and reduced dependence on centralized services.",
      "Can build truly decentralized applications without requiring users to run full nodes, implement secure light clients, and verify data from any source.",
      "Can implement secure light wallets that verify all data cryptographically, reducing infrastructure costs while maintaining security guarantees.",
      "RPC providers need major updates to support proof generation, block explorers can provide verifiable data, and new verification tooling needs development.",
      "Can implement more secure light clients for Layer 2 networks and improve cross-chain data verification mechanisms.",
      "Need to generate cryptographic proofs for data responses, though this enables lighter infrastructure for many use cases.",
      "May need some coordination for proof generation, but this primarily affects execution layer data structures.",
      "Major implementation work required for proof generation systems, new data structures, and RPC response verification mechanisms.",
      "Eliminates need to trust RPC providers",
      "Enables secure light clients for wallets and dApps",
      "Dramatically improves application decentralization",
      "Reduces infrastructure requirements for verified data access"
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    "id": 7921,
    "title": "EIP-7921: Skip `JUMPDEST` immediate argument check",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
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    "id": 7922,
    "title": "EIP-7922: Dynamic exit queue rate limit",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
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    "id": 7923,
    "title": "EIP-7923: Linear, Page-Based Memory Costing",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Linearizes EVM memory with 4KB pages: 100-gas allocation, 6-gas thrash, 64MB cap. Contracts that hit quadratic expansion limits finish with the same logic but steadier gas usage, allowing for more efficient memory management and predicatble gas costs.",
    "impacts": [
      "Transaction gas for memory-heavy calls may be lower, wallets are better at estimating gas to spend.",
      "Account for page allocation (4096 B) and thrash costs; 32-bit addresses; 64 MiB tx memory cap; MSIZE unchanged. Better ways to address memory with new optimizations. The changes are backwards compatible.",
      "Update simulators/estimators to model page allocation and thrash costs; surface OOM exceptional halts.",
      "Clients, tracers, profilers need LRU(512) page tracking and new gas accounting; optional mmap-style backing.",
      "EVM-equivalent chains must adopt new costing/limits; reassess proving and sequencer cost models for compatibility.",
      "More predictable resource bounds via transaction-global memory limit, RPC providers can revise eth_call policies and DoS assumptions.",
      "This change doesn't touch the consensus layer.",
      "Implementation of new linear, page-based costing, LRU thrash checks, and OOM halts while preserving MSIZE semantics while maintaining compatibility with the old model.",
      "Replaces quadratic memory expansion with linear, page-based costing for predictable gas.",
      "Provides support for virtual memory addressing, unlocking heap/stack separation in high-level smart contract languages.",
      "Providing developers with better ways to manage memory, similar to other architectures."
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  {
    "id": 7927,
    "title": "EIP-7927: History Expiry Meta",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Meta",
    "category": "Unknown",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
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    "id": 7928,
    "title": "EIP-7928: Block-Level Access Lists",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This introduces access lists at the block level rather than individual transactions, dramatically reducing gas costs for applications that access similar state and enabling new optimization patterns.",
    "impacts": [
      "Lower gas costs for complex applications, especially DeFi protocols and applications that access similar state across multiple transactions.",
      "Can optimize applications for block-level access patterns, significantly reduce gas costs for state-heavy applications, and enable new design patterns.",
      "Indirect benefits through lower gas costs for applications, but minimal direct impact on wallet development.",
      "Gas estimation tools, transaction simulation, and optimization analysis need updates to handle block-level access list patterns.",
      "More efficient state access in Layer 2 settlement transactions and optimized bridge operations.",
      "More efficient block processing due to optimized state access patterns, reducing computational overhead.",
      "No direct impact on consensus layer operations as this affects execution layer state access optimization.",
      "Significant implementation work required for block-level access list management, state access optimization, and gas accounting updates.",
      "Dramatically reduces gas costs for state-heavy applications",
      "Enables new optimization patterns for developers",
      "Improves block processing efficiency",
      "Provides more predictable gas costs for complex applications"
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    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-7928-block-level-access-lists/23337",
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  {
    "id": 7932,
    "title": "EIP-7932: Secondary Signature Algorithms",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Creates a standardized way for new transaction-level signature algorithms to be added, which allows easier migration and higher interoperability with current systems.",
    "impacts": [
      "Improves security by allowing users to choose other signing algorithms.",
      "Allows abstracting implementation of multiple signature schemes to a single standardized interface. The sigrecover precompile is a near drop in replacement of ecrecover.",
      "AA wallets may use the algorithm registry for algorithm flexibility.",
      "No direct tooling impact.",
      "No direct impact on layer 2s unless this EIP is adopted by that L2.",
      "May reduce resource consumption due to non-EVM verification of alternate algorithms.",
      "No direct impact on CL.",
      "Allows easier implementation of new algorithms without having to rework transaction handling per new algorithm.",
      "Standardizes the introduction of alternative signature algorithms without breaking existing tooling.",
      "Complements account abstraction for crypto-agile verification.",
      "Reduces client developer workload on introduction of new algorithms.",
      "Reduces network reliance on single algorithm by increasing signature diversity."
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-7932-secondary-signature-algorithms/23514",
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  {
    "id": 7934,
    "title": "EIP-7934: RLP Execution Block Size Limit",
    "status": "Final",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This adds a maximum size limit of 10MB to Ethereum blocks to prevent network instability and denial-of-service attacks. Currently, blocks can grow very large, which slows down network propagation and increases the risk of temporary forks. This limit ensures blocks stay within a reasonable size that the network can efficiently process and propagate.",
    "impacts": [
      "More reliable network with reduced risk of temporary forks and more consistent transaction confirmation times.",
      "More predictable block propagation and reduced risk of network instability affecting transaction processing.",
      "More reliable transaction confirmation times and reduced risk of network issues affecting wallet operations.",
      "More predictable block sizes and network behavior, simplifying infrastructure planning and monitoring.",
      "More reliable base layer for settlement transactions with reduced risk of network instability.",
      "Need to implement block size validation, but benefit from more stable network propagation and reduced DoS risks.",
      "Minimal impact as this primarily affects execution layer block validation and propagation.",
      "Need to implement block size validation logic and ensure block construction respects the new size limits.",
      "Prevents network instability from oversized blocks",
      "Reduces risk of denial-of-service attacks",
      "Improves block propagation efficiency",
      "Ensures compatibility with consensus layer limits"
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-7934-add-bytesize-limit-to-blocks/23589",
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  {
    "id": 7935,
    "title": "EIP-7935: Set default gas limit to 60M",
    "status": "Final",
    "type": "Informational",
    "category": "Unknown",
    "summary": "This proposes increasing the gas limit from 36M to 60M to scale L1 execution capacity. While this change does not require a hard fork (gas limit is a validator-chosen parameter), it requires extensive testing to ensure network stability at higher computational loads and so inclusion of the EIP in the hard fork ensures that this work is prioritized and ongoing.",
    "impacts": [
      "Benefits from higher throughput and faster transaction processing, but potential risks if inadequately tested or if RPC infrastructure can't keep up.",
      "Can build more sophisticated applications without hitting gas limits, but need to be aware that the specific limit value is still TBD.",
      "Better user experience with faster confirmations, but RPC node performance impacts could affect wallet reliability.",
      "RPC providers, indexers, and monitoring tools need significant updates to handle larger blocks and higher computational loads.",
      "More block space available for settlement transactions, but coordination needed with EIP-7825's 30M transaction cap.",
      "Need significantly more computational power to process larger blocks. Validator hardware requirements may increase substantially.",
      "Must handle larger execution payloads and ensure consensus layer can propagate larger blocks within gossip limits.",
      "Major testing and bug-fixing effort required to handle larger blocks safely. Must update default gas limit configurations and ensure stability at higher computational loads.",
      "Directly increases mainnet throughput",
      "Enables more complex smart contracts",
      "Reduces transaction queuing during high demand",
      "Improves confirmation times"
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    "id": 7937,
    "title": "EIP-7937: EVM64 - 64-bit mode EVM opcodes",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This is the core EIP of the EVM64 collection, introducing 64-bit arithmetic operations to the EVM. The full EVM64 suite includes multiple EIPs enabling much more efficient mathematical computations by adding 64-bit operations alongside existing 256-bit ones.",
    "impacts": [
      "Lower gas costs for applications requiring mathematical computations like DeFi protocols, gaming, and scientific applications.",
      "Can build much more efficient mathematical applications, implement better algorithms on-chain, and reduce gas costs for computation-intensive smart contracts.",
      "Indirect benefits through lower gas costs for mathematical operations in wallet-related smart contracts.",
      "Development tools, debuggers, and gas estimation systems need updates to support 64-bit operations and their gas costs.",
      "More efficient mathematical operations benefit Layer 2 proof generation and verification systems.",
      "More efficient computation reduces overall network computational load for mathematical operations.",
      "No direct impact on consensus layer operations as this affects execution layer computational capabilities.",
      "Major implementation work required for new 64-bit opcodes, proper gas accounting, and ensuring compatibility with existing 256-bit operations.",
      "Dramatically reduces gas costs for mathematical operations",
      "Enables more sophisticated on-chain calculations",
      "Improves performance for DeFi and gaming applications",
      "Makes the EVM more competitive with other smart contract platforms"
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    "id": 7938,
    "title": "EIP-7938: Exponential Gas Limit Increase",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Informational",
    "category": "Unknown",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
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    "id": 7939,
    "title": "EIP-7939: Count leading zeros (CLZ) opcode",
    "status": "Final",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This adds a new CLZ (Count Leading Zeros) opcode to the EVM that efficiently counts the number of zero bits at the start of a 256-bit number. This is a fundamental mathematical operation used in many algorithms, especially for mathematical computations, data compression, and cryptographic operations. Currently, implementing this operation in Solidity requires complex and expensive code - this opcode makes it much cheaper and faster.",
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      "Indirect benefits through lower gas costs for applications using mathematical operations, compression algorithms, and advanced cryptographic schemes.",
      "Can implement much more efficient mathematical algorithms, compression schemes, and bitmap operations. Particularly beneficial for DeFi protocols requiring complex mathematical operations and ZK-proving applications.",
      "Minimal direct impact, though benefits indirectly from more efficient mathematical operations in smart contracts.",
      "Development tools and debuggers need to support the new CLZ opcode, but this is a straightforward addition.",
      "More efficient mathematical operations benefit ZK-proof generation and verification systems, reducing proving costs especially for RISC-V based proving systems.",
      "More efficient computation reduces overall network computational load for mathematical operations.",
      "No direct impact on consensus layer operations as this affects execution layer computational capabilities.",
      "Simple implementation - just need to add the CLZ opcode (0x1e) with proper gas accounting. Benchmarked to have similar computational cost to ADD.",
      "Dramatically reduces gas costs for bit manipulation operations",
      "Enables more efficient mathematical algorithms on-chain",
      "Particularly beneficial for ZK-proving applications",
      "Reduces bytecode size for mathematical operations",
      "Enables efficient compression and decompression algorithms",
      "Essential building block for advanced cryptographic schemes"
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    "id": 7940,
    "title": "EIP-7940: Ethereum Shah",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Informational",
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  {
    "id": 7942,
    "title": "EIP-7942: Available Attestation",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This is a comprehensive solution to eliminate all known reorganization attacks on Ethereum. Instead of fixing attacks one-by-one, Available Attestation redesigns how consensus works to make reorg attacks fundamentally impossible.",
    "impacts": [
      "Eliminates the possibility of transaction censorship and reorg attacks, providing guaranteed transaction inclusion and much stronger finality guarantees.",
      "Can build applications with stronger security assumptions, eliminate MEV-related edge cases, and provide users with guaranteed transaction execution properties.",
      "Can provide stronger transaction finality guarantees and eliminate concerns about transaction reordering after inclusion.",
      "Major updates needed for consensus monitoring, reorg detection systems, and fork choice analysis tools to handle the new attestation mechanisms.",
      "Dramatically improves bridge security by eliminating L1 reorg risks and enables more aggressive optimization of settlement mechanisms.",
      "Fundamental changes to attestation behavior and fork choice logic, but eliminates complex reorg-related edge cases in validator operations.",
      "Major implementation work required for new attestation mechanisms, modified fork choice logic, and consensus layer protocol changes.",
      "Need to coordinate with new consensus mechanisms but most changes are in the consensus layer attestation logic.",
      "Eliminates all known reorganization attacks permanently",
      "Provides formal security guarantees with mathematical proofs",
      "Strengthens transaction inclusion and finality properties",
      "Enables more aggressive scaling without security trade-offs"
    ],
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  {
    "id": 7949,
    "title": "EIP-7949: Genesis File Format",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Informational",
    "category": "Unknown",
    "summary": "Standardizes genesis file structure to streamline compatibility across Ethereum clients, aiding smoother network launches.",
    "impacts": [
      "Improved reliability and consistency when launching new networks, reducing user frustration.",
      "Easier creation and validation of genesis files, leading to fewer errors and smoother deployments.",
      "Better stability and compatibility for wallets reliant on genesis data, simplifying integration.",
      "Tools like explorers and validators will format and interpret genesis files uniformly, improving robustness.",
      "Consistency at the genesis level helps L2s to more easily align with mainnet configurations.",
      "Node operators will benefit from standardized configurations, potentially easing network upgrades.",
      "No consensus changes expected for CL; only standard fork coordination with established serialization rules.",
      "Must handle new JSON schema and validation requirements, ensuring compatibility across various implementation details.",
      "Promotes compatibility across diverse clients, easing development and validation.",
      "Reduces launch errors by providing a clear structure for genesis files.",
      "Facilitates easier onboarding for developers and users new to Ethereum.",
      "Encourages best practices in genesis file management and deployment."
    ],
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    "id": 7951,
    "title": "EIP-7951: Precompile for secp256r1 Curve Support",
    "status": "Final",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This adds support for a widely-used cryptographic curve called secp256r1 (also known as P-256) to Ethereum. Currently, Ethereum only supports the secp256k1 curve for signatures, but many devices and systems use secp256r1. This change allows Ethereum to verify signatures from devices like iPhones, Android phones, hardware wallets, and other systems that use this standard curve, making it easier to integrate with existing infrastructure. Note: This EIP supercedes [RIP-7212](https://github.com/ethereum/RIPs/blob/master/RIPS/rip-7212.md).",
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      "Can use their existing devices (phones, hardware wallets) to sign Ethereum transactions without additional software or conversion steps.",
      "Can integrate with existing secp256r1-based systems and devices more easily, reducing development complexity for authentication and signing flows.",
      "Can support native signing from devices that use secp256r1, improving wallet compatibility and user experience across different platforms.",
      "Need to implement secp256r1 signature verification in tooling, but gain ability to work with broader ecosystem of devices and systems.",
      "Can leverage secp256r1 signatures for Layer 2 operations, improving compatibility with existing infrastructure.",
      "Minimal impact as this primarily affects transaction validation and doesn't change consensus or staking mechanics.",
      "No impact on consensus layer as this affects execution layer transaction validation.",
      "Need to implement secp256r1 precompile for efficient signature verification, but this is a well-established cryptographic standard.",
      "Enables native integration with billions of secp256r1 devices",
      "Eliminates need for signature conversion or additional infrastructure",
      "Improves user experience for mobile and hardware wallet users",
      "Reduces development complexity for authentication systems",
      "Enables compliance with existing security standards"
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  {
    "id": 7954,
    "title": "EIP-7954: Increase Maximum Contract Size",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Raises limits so developers can deploy slightly larger contracts: up to 32KiB deployed code and 64KiB initcode after a fork. Existing contracts remain valid.",
    "impacts": [
      "No required action; may benefit from dapps deploying larger contracts after the network upgrade.",
      "Can deploy contracts up to 32KiB and initcode up to 64KiB, reducing pressure to split logic.",
      "No new transaction types; deployments may include larger bytecode. Any size validations should reflect new limits.",
      "Explorers, indexers, verifiers, and RPC tooling should handle larger contract bytecode and initcode in deployment flows.",
      "Systems mirroring Ethereum’s limits may need updates to contract-size checks to remain compatible with L1 rules.",
      "Operators need upgraded clients at fork; larger contracts can slightly increase storage and processing per deployment.",
      "Mostly fork-activation wiring and testing; the rule change is in execution and enforced by paired EL clients.",
      "Update EIP-170/EIP-3860 size checks, fork configuration, and tests to accept 32KiB code and 64KiB initcode.",
      "Allows deploying larger, more complex contracts within a still-conservative maximum size.",
      "Increases initcode limit to 64KiB, enabling deployment of larger contract bytecode.",
      "Existing deployed contracts remain valid and unaffected.",
      "Minimal protocol change: only updates size constants in existing rules."
    ],
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    "id": 7956,
    "title": "EIP-7956: Tx Ordering via Block-level Randomness",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
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    "id": 7957,
    "title": "EIP-7957: EVM64 - EOF support",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
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    "id": 7958,
    "title": "EIP-7958: EVM64 - Little endian opcodes",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
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    "id": 7960,
    "title": "EIP-7960: EOF - Extended types section",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
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    "id": 7961,
    "title": "EIP-7961: EVM64 - EOF code section",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-series-evm64/23794",
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  },
  {
    "id": 7966,
    "title": "EIP-7966: eth_sendRawTransactionSync Method",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Interface",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-7966-eth-sendrawtransactionsync-method/24640",
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  {
    "id": 7971,
    "title": "EIP-7971: Hard Limits for Transient Storage",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Makes transient storage cheaper and sets a hard cap on how much can be used per transaction. This reduces gas for common patterns while protecting nodes from excessive memory use.",
    "impacts": [
      "May lower fees in apps using transient storage; otherwise no behavior change. Possible failures if the global cap is reached.",
      "Cheaper transient storage enables guards and metadata patterns; must handle transaction-wide slot cap and update gas assumptions in code.",
      "Adjust fee estimation and warnings for potential cap-exceeded reverts; otherwise no signing or serialization changes.",
      "Profilers, tracers, and simulators must incorporate constant TLOAD/TSTORE pricing and track per-transaction transient slot usage.",
      "Rollups adjusting EVM gas must mirror pricing and enforce slot cap; evaluate shared-bundle DoS implications in sequencer pipelines.",
      "Resource profile mostly unchanged; adopt fork including new gas schedule and per-transaction slot-accounting rules.",
      "Consensus layer changes are limited to fork activation metadata and versioning; low code complexity, mostly configuration and coordination.",
      "Implement constant costs for TLOAD/TSTORE, enforce a transaction-global slot cap, update gas accounting and tests; moderate code changes.",
      "Lower gas for transient storage operations",
      "Per-transaction cap prevents excessive transient memory use",
      "Encourages transient-storage patterns without persistent writes",
      "Simplifies cost reasoning for compilers and tooling"
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/add-eip-hard-limit-and-cost-reduction-for-transient-storage-allocation/24542",
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  {
    "id": 7973,
    "title": "EIP-7973: Warm Account Write Metering",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Changes gas rules so once an account is updated in a transaction, later updates to it are cheaper, aligning fees with actual state-root work and reducing the penalty for repeated ETH transfers or future value-transfer opcodes.",
    "impacts": [
      "End users keep existing transaction flows; compatible wallets and RPCs abstract the new gas rules, with potential fee reductions on multi-update transactions.",
      "Applications performing multiple native ETH transfers or repeated account updates per transaction may see reduced gas usage and can redesign flows to exploit batched writes.",
      "Wallets must update gas estimation logic for new account-write costs; otherwise, overestimation and related attack surfaces from mispriced transactions become possible.",
      "Node software, RPC services, and monitoring tools must implement updated gas formulas and parameters for account writes, ensuring estimates and analytics reflect the repricing.",
      "EVM-compatible layer 2s that follow mainnet gas rules would need to mirror the new account write costs to preserve behavior compatibility.",
      "Consensus participants and node operators must upgrade for the scheduled gas repricing fork and ensure RPC endpoints implement the new estimation behavior.",
      "Consensus-layer clients primarily integrate standard fork logistics—activation parameters and testing—since gas metering changes occur entirely in execution-layer state transition logic.",
      "Execution clients must revise gas constants, implement per-transaction tracking of cold versus warm account writes, and integrate the new costing with EIP-2200 and block-level access list logic.",
      "Reduces gas charged for repeated updates to the same account within a single transaction.",
      "Brings account update costs closer to the actual cost of computing state root changes.",
      "Reduces disparity between multiple native ETH transfers and analogous token transfers in a single transaction.",
      "Avoids unfair gas penalties for future value-transfer opcodes that repeatedly update account balances."
    ],
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    "id": 7975,
    "title": "EIP-7975: eth/70 - partial block receipt lists",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Networking",
    "summary": "When Ethereum processes more transactions per block, the receipts can get too large to send in one network message. This lets nodes request receipts in smaller chunks, preventing sync failures as the network scales.",
    "impacts": [
      "No direct impact. Enables future gas limit increases without sync issues.",
      "No direct impact. Internal networking change only.",
      "No direct impact. Internal networking change only.",
      "Node operators benefit from more reliable sync at higher gas limits.",
      "No direct impact. May enable higher L1 throughput they can leverage.",
      "Required upgrade to maintain sync capability as gas limit increases.",
      "No changes required. EL networking protocol only.",
      "Moderate complexity. New message format, pagination logic, partial receipt validation.",
      "Prevents sync failures as block gas limit increases beyond 83M",
      "Enables safe scaling of Ethereum L1 throughput",
      "Backward compatible with eth/69 during rollout"
    ],
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  {
    "id": 7976,
    "title": "EIP-7976: Increase Calldata Floor Cost",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Increases the cost for data storage in transactions to help ensure Ethereum runs smoothly.",
    "impacts": [
      "Ensures stable transaction speeds as network demands grow.",
      "May require adjustments in gas estimation for data-heavy applications.",
      "Need to update gas estimation to reflect increased calldata costs.",
      "Must adapt to account for changes in gas pricing rules.",
      "Improves interaction with Ethereum mainnet through efficient gas management.",
      "Minimal impact on operations, but potential for increased transaction throughput.",
      "May require updates to ensure efficient handling of calldata estimation.",
      "Must be updated to accommodate changes in calldata pricing for optimal performance.",
      "Reduces maximum block size by approximately 33%, improving network efficiency.",
      "Maintains a good user experience for regular transactions while optimizing for data-heavy applications.",
      "Encourages better practices for data availability within the Ethereum ecosystem.",
      "Ensures that transactions involving heavy computational requirements are not adversely affected."
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-7976-further-increase-calldata-cost/24597",
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    "id": 7979,
    "title": "EIP-7979: Call and Return Opcodes for the EVM",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Introduces instructions to call and return from subroutines, which are missing from the EVM.  This lets compilers generate code with static control flow, which allows for more performant clients and quadradictally more efficient static analysis tools",
    "impacts": [
      "Increased security and more performant smart contract execution.",
      "Better tools.  Especially, better static analysis and formal verification.",
      "No direct impact",
      "Compilers must produce static, validated EVM code.",
      "Some Layer 2 and EVM-compatible chains could benefit from more performant client.",
      "No direct impact, but enables more clients to implement performance gains",
      "No changes required for consensus layer implementations.",
      "Implementation of the instructions and validation is straightforward, and clients can better optimize their execution of validated code.",
      "Makes static EVM control flow possible, which static analysis people have been requesting for many years.",
      "Static control flow can make static analysis and formal verification of EVM code quadratically more efficient.",
      "Static control flow makes linear-time translators of EVM code possible, including one-pass compilers to machine code and RISC-V.",
      "Clients can validate that deployed code cannot execute invalid instructions, jump to invalid locations, or misuse the stack.",
      "Maintains backwards compatibility, enabling a smooth transition.  Tools and developers can take up the new features as they become available."
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    "id": 7980,
    "title": "EIP-7980: Ed25519 transaction support",
    "status": "Withdrawn",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
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    "id": 7981,
    "title": "EIP-7981: Increase Access List Cost",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Adjusts transaction costs for access lists to balance gas fees and prevent block size inflation.",
    "impacts": [
      "Improves transaction fairness by standardizing costs based on data usage.",
      "Encourages efficient transaction design due to higher costs for larger access lists.",
      "Could require updates to handle new cost structures in gas estimation.",
      "Need to adapt estimation tools for new access list pricing.",
      "Reduces potential for block size inflation leading to enhanced scalability.",
      "Minimal direct impact, but improved network health benefits all participants.",
      "Adjustments required for gas cost calculations influencing consensus protocols.",
      "Optimizes execution efficiency under new pricing impacting overall gas usage.",
      "Enhances economic model by charging based on resource usage, which promotes efficient transaction design.",
      "Increases network stability by reducing maximum block size through reduced incentive to use large access lists.",
      "Encourages fairer transaction costs across users by preventing underutilization of pricing structures.",
      "Maintains compatibility with existing EIP-2930 while introducing necessary changes to the access list gas calculations."
    ],
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    "id": 7997,
    "title": "EIP-7997: Deterministic Factory Predeploy",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Enables developers to deploy smart contracts at identical addresses across EVM chains.",
    "impacts": [
      "Consistent addresses across chains reduce cognitive load and potential for error.",
      "Simplifies deployment of apps to multiple chains and development of apps that use cross-chain interop.",
      "Provides a native solution to the problem of deploying multi-chain smart contract accounts.",
      "Tools will be able to replace their default CREATE2 factory with the canonical one, or one deployed from it.",
      "Need to adopt the EIP to make the factory widely available and materialize benefits for developers.",
      "No impact.",
      "No consensus changes expected.",
      "Need to implement a new kind of system contract that is not deployed via transaction but is not a precompile either. Conceptually simple but new in the EL.",
      "Improves UX and mitigates risk of loss of funds for users of smart contract accounts.",
      "Simplifies multi-chain and cross-chain smart contracts by removing the need for per-chain parameterization or mappings.",
      "Reduces the number of addresses that multi-chain applications have to distribute.",
      "Addresses limitations of fragile workarounds currently in use by developers for this need, providing a native solution instead."
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    "id": 7998,
    "title": "EIP-7998: Turn `randao_reveal` into a VRF",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
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    "id": 7999,
    "title": "EIP-7999: Unified multidimensional fee market",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Simplifies fee management for transactions by allowing users to set one budget for various resources like storage and computation.",
    "impacts": [
      "Improves transaction clarity and fee management.",
      "Enables easier budgeting for transaction costs, enhancing user experience.",
      "Simplifies fee calculation in wallets, reducing development overhead.",
      "Integrates new fee structures into existing tools and infrastructure.",
      "Facilitates cross-chain transactions through a unified fee structure.",
      "Streamlines transaction validation processes with consistent fee mechanisms.",
      "Enhances consensus algorithm efficiency by standardizing transaction fees.",
      "Optimizes resource allocation and execution efficiency for transactions.",
      "Standardizes fee management across various resources, promoting economic efficiency.",
      "Reduces user confusion by simplifying the process of setting transaction fees.",
      "Enhances resource allocation flexibility for developers, improving overall system efficiency.",
      "Facilitates future expansion into multiple resource dimensions seamlessly."
    ],
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  {
    "id": 8007,
    "title": "EIP-8007: Glamsterdam Gas Repricings",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Meta",
    "category": "Unknown",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
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  {
    "id": 8011,
    "title": "EIP-8011: Multidimensional Gas Metering",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Improves resource allocation by allowing separate metering for computation, data access, and storage, enhancing Ethereum's ability to handle resource limits more effectively.",
    "impacts": [
      "Users experience no change in transaction behavior while enjoying improved efficiency in resource management.",
      "Developers can optimize contracts with resource-specific gas costs, needing to ensure compatibility with existing fee systems.",
      "Minimal adjustments required; focus on ensuring wallets correctly reflect gas costs along different resource dimensions.",
      "Existing tools may need updates to accurately account for multidimensional gas metrics; mainly impacts monitoring tools.",
      "EVM-compatible L2s will need to adopt these changes, with routine updates and testing expected for gas accounting consistency.",
      "Node operators upgrade clients at the fork; normal operational behavior remains consistent with revised gas metrics.",
      "No major consensus changes expected; only standard fork coordination without new serialization or signature rules.",
      "Complex updates required to implement resource-specific gas accounting and compatibility with previous gas-related EIPs.",
      "Blocks can carry transactions that stress distinct resources simultaneously, improving packing efficiency and throughput.",
      "Finer control over excessive resource usage leads to fewer network overloads.",
      "No impact to user experience.",
      "Paves the way for advanced pricing models without major protocol disruptions."
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-8011-multidimensional-gas-metering/25260",
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  {
    "id": 8012,
    "title": "EIP-8012: Generalized consolidation requests",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
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    "id": 8013,
    "title": "EIP-8013: Static relative jumps and calls for the EVM",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Adds five new EVM jump/call instructions that point to nearby code using a small offset instead of a pushed address, making contracts cheaper to run and easier for clients and tools to verify after Glamsterdam.",
    "impacts": [
      "May see lower gas from contracts using static jumps; no direct action or UX impact.",
      "Need to emit five new RJUMP opcodes to gain cost/perf; requires building for Glamsterdam EVM and EIP-7979.",
      "Update opcode tables and simulators so bytecode with RJUMP* disassembles and estimates gas correctly; minimal runtime changes.",
      "Static analyzers, tracers, bytecode validators must understand relative offset encoding and extended checks from EIP-7979.",
      "L2s implementing Glamsterdam EVM need the same five opcodes and validation or contracts using them cannot deploy.",
      "Validators must run updated EL clients for Glamsterdam; failure to upgrade will lead to consensus failures on new blocks.",
      "Complexity limited to fork configuration and Engine API versioning so EL can announce support for new opcodes.",
      "Must add RJUMP, RJUMPI, RJUMPV, RJUMPSUB, RJUMPSUBV decoding, immediate validation, gas accounting, and tests extending EIP-7979.",
      "Cheaper structured control flow than PUSHn+JUMP.",
      "Improves static analysis by fixing jump targets.",
      "Reduces runtime destination checks and gas.",
      "Aligns with EOF/EIP-7979 validation for immediates."
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-8013-static-relative-jumps-and-calls-for-the-evm/25222",
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    "id": 8015,
    "title": "EIP-8015: Remove `deposit` and `eth1data` fields",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
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  {
    "id": 8016,
    "title": "EIP-8016: SSZ CompatibleUnion",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-8016-ssz-compatibleunion/25275",
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  {
    "id": 8024,
    "title": "EIP-8024: Backward compatible SWAPN, DUPN, EXCHANGE",
    "status": "Review",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Adds new instructions to increase the reachable elements of the stack.",
    "impacts": [
      "Cheaper transactions from more efficient bytecode.",
      "Once Solidity adopts it, no more workarounds will be necessary for \"stack too deep\" errors.",
      "No impact.",
      "Must implement support for new instructions.",
      "Can adopt new instructions.",
      "No impact.",
      "No impact.",
      "Must implement new instructions.",
      "Compilers can generate code more easily without the complexity of spilling.",
      "New EXCHANGE instruction can replace three instructions with a single one.",
      "Smart contracts are freer to make heavier use of the stack instead of resorting to memory."
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-8024-backward-compatible-swapn-dupn-exchange/25486",
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        "snippet": "Adds new instructions to increase the reachable elements of the stack."
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  {
    "id": 8025,
    "title": "EIP-8025: Optional Execution Proofs",
    "status": "Stagnant",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
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  {
    "id": 8030,
    "title": "EIP-8030: P256 algorithm support",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Adds P256 signature support to the EIP-7932 algorithm registry to allow use with the registry interface.",
    "impacts": [
      "Improves signature algorithm options for users and potentially enables native passkey / TPM support.",
      "Does not affect app developers under EIP-7932 framework.",
      "Expands both AA and EOA wallet capabilities to support new signature types.",
      "Requires a simple update to support P256 signature verification.",
      "No direct impact for Layer 2s.",
      "Would have little effect on Node Operators.",
      "No direct impact for CL.",
      "Would require a minimal update to point the EIP-7932 entry to the existing P256 logic.",
      "Improves crypto-agility of EIP-7932 registry."
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/discussion-topic-for-eip-8030/25557",
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        "snippet": "Adds P256 signature support to the EIP-7932 algorithm registry to allow use with the registry interface."
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  {
    "id": 8032,
    "title": "EIP-8032: Size-Based Storage Gas Pricing",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Adjusts gas costs for SSTORE operations based on how much data a contract holds, incentivizing efficient storage management.",
    "impacts": [
      "Users experience potentially lower costs as inefficient contracts incur higher fees.",
      "Developers are motivated to optimize storage usage, leading to better resource management.",
      "Wallets may see changes in cost calculations for contract interactions; minimal updates required.",
      "Tools need to adapt to new gas price calculations related to storage; ensures users are informed.",
      "L2s adopting this will align with mainnet behavior; expect similar updates and testing.",
      "Node operators update clients for enhanced gas calculations; no major disruptions expected.",
      "No new consensus mechanisms; standard fork coordination suffices without serialization changes.",
      "Implement updated gas calculations for SSTORE, ensuring compatibility with dynamic pricing changes.",
      "Encourages efficient contract design and reduces state bloat.",
      "Aligns storage costs with actual usage, promoting healthier network sustainability.",
      "Facilitates better resource allocation across the Ethereum ecosystem.",
      "Simplifies decision-making for contract storage management."
    ],
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        "snippet": "Adjusts gas costs for SSTORE operations based on how much data a contract holds, incentivizing efficient storage management."
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  {
    "id": 8037,
    "title": "EIP-8037: State Creation Gas Cost Increase",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Proposes to increase gas costs for state creation to mitigate state growth under higher throughput regimes.",
    "impacts": [
      "Users may experience higher transaction fees for creating new accounts and contracts, but improved scalability benefits all.",
      "Developers should anticipate increased deployment costs, necessitating adjustments to gas estimation tools and budget projections.",
      "Wallet developers need to update gas estimations to reflect new costs; otherwise, minimal code changes are needed.",
      "Tooling and infrastructure must accommodate new pricing models for transaction estimates, with only minor changes to existing tools.",
      "L2s adopting this EIP will align with mainnet behaviors, requiring thorough testing and client updates for accurate operations.",
      "Node operators will need to update their clients for new gas parameters; otherwise, operations and validation remain unchanged.",
      "Minimal changes expected for CL clients; primarily involves standard fork coordination with minimal complexity.",
      "Must integrate new gas costs into transaction handling, requiring updates to gas accounting and ensuring compatibility with existing EIP standards.",
      "Standardizes costs across all state creation operations.",
      "Mitigates excessive state growth, enhancing Ethereum's overall scalability.",
      "Encourages developers to optimize contract designs due to increased costs."
    ],
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  {
    "id": 8038,
    "title": "EIP-8038: State-access gas cost update",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Increases gas costs for accessing state data to ensure alignment with current performance.",
    "impacts": [
      "Users may experience cost adjustments for transactions related to state access.",
      "Developers must account for higher state access costs, potentially leading to adjustments in gas estimations during deployment.",
      "Wallets need to update gas estimation logic to incorporate the new parameters, affecting the transaction success rate.",
      "Tools must adapt to new gas cost models to ensure accurate reporting and analysis of transaction behaviors.",
      "L2 implementations need to align with the updated state access costs; anticipate necessary updates to ensure compatibility.",
      "Node operators must upgrade to new client versions to accommodate updated gas pricing; minimal impact on runtime behavior.",
      "No consensus changes expected for CL; only standard fork coordination. No new serialization or gossip rules necessitated by this proposal.",
      "Adaptations required in gas accounting for state access operations; must ensure compatibility with previous gas models and EIP-2929.",
      "Improved alignment of gas costs with actual state access performance.",
      "Enhanced network performance while maintaining optimal resource usage.",
      "Encourages more efficient smart contract design by reflecting true operational costs."
    ],
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  {
    "id": 8045,
    "title": "EIP-8045: Exclude slashed validators from proposing",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "After a slashing event, punished validators can still be scheduled to propose blocks, causing missed slots and slow recovery. This change simply skips slashed validators so healthy ones keep proposing and the chain keeps running.",
    "impacts": [
      "Users should experience fewer stalled slots and better network responsiveness after large validator slashings, because only non-slashed validators will propose blocks.",
      "Application behavior during recovery from mass slashings becomes more predictable, with fewer missed blocks and smoother chain progress. No application changes required.",
      "Wallets get more consistent head updates after slashings, reducing confusing gaps in block production. No direct wallet code changes are expected.",
      "Indexers, explorers, and relays see steadier block flow after slashings, easing incident handling. No protocol-facing changes required for these services.",
      "L2 sequencers relying on L1 data and finality benefit from steadier L1 block production after slashings, improving uptime. No L2 code impact.",
      "Once slashed, a validator immediately loses proposer eligibility. Node operators must account for skipped proposing duties but otherwise run unchanged software.",
      "Consensus clients must update proposer selection logic to prefilter slashed validators using beacon state, integrate with EIP-7917 lookahead, and add tests.",
      "Execution clients are unaffected because block proposer selection lives in the consensus layer; no modifications are required in execution code.",
      "Maintains block production after mass slashing events.",
      "Improves chain resilience and recovery during network disruptions.",
      "Prevents wasting proposer slots on already slashed validators.",
      "Reduces prolonged degraded performance while slashed validators exit."
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-8045-exclude-slashed-validators-from-proposing/25850",
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        "snippet": "After a slashing event, punished validators can still be scheduled to propose blocks, causing missed slots and slow recovery. This change simply skips slashed validators so healthy ones keep proposing and the chain keeps"
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  },
  {
    "id": 8046,
    "title": "EIP-8046: Uniform price auction over inclusion lists",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
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  },
  {
    "id": 8051,
    "title": "EIP-8051: Precompile for ML-DSA signature verification",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Adds two precompiles for signature verification that are safe against Quantum Computer analysis. One is an NIST standard FIPS-204 whereas the other replaces the XOF with Keccak, which is more accessible to EVM implementation.",
    "impacts": [
      "Access to Post-Quantum security.",
      "Provides cost-efficient access to post-quantum cryptography for dApps requiring quantum resistance",
      "Cheap PQ signatures for contract wallets. Will need to standardize HD key generation.",
      "Will need to add language and CLI access to Falcon signature verification, and generation.",
      "Will need to add to next L2 hard fork. May want to consider as an alternative wherever ecrecover is used.",
      "Invisible to stakers, leanConsensus is where PQC will be introduced to them.",
      "Invisible to the consensus layer, leanConsensus is where PQC will be introduced to them.",
      "Will integrate an external library (PQClean, PQ Code, etc) so the task will mostly be wiring up the library and gas metering.",
      "NIST-standardized post-quantum cryptography (FIPS-204)",
      "Eth optimized variant of FIPS-206",
      "Hardness assumptions secure against quantum adversaries",
      "Integrates with EIP-7932 algorithmic transaction framework"
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-8051-ml-dsa-verification/25857",
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  {
    "id": 8052,
    "title": "EIP-8052: Precompile for Falcon support",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Adds three precompiles for lattice-based signature verification that are safe against Quantum Computer analysis. The scheme splits verification into Hash-to-Point (with NIST SHAKE256 or EVM-friendly Keccak variants) and a core algorithm, enabling both NIST compliance and gas-efficient verification.",
    "impacts": [
      "Access to Post-Quantum security with the most compact signatures compared to other lattice schemes",
      "Provides modular access to post-quantum cryptography with choice between standardized (SHAKE256) and gas-efficient (Keccak-PRNG) variants for Hash-to-Point",
      "Compact PQ signatures (666 bytes) for contract wallets, though larger than ECDSA. Will need to standardize HD key generation and derivation paths.",
      "Will need to add language and CLI access to Falcon signature verification and generation across three precompiles",
      "Will need to add to next L2 hard fork. Modular design may enable ZK-friendly implementations in the future.",
      "Invisible to stakers, leanConsensus is where PQC will be introduced to them",
      "Invisible to the consensus layer, leanConsensus is where PQC will be introduced to them",
      "Will integrate external library (PQClean, reference implementation, etc) for three precompiles: two Hash-to-Point variants and one core algorithm. Extensive assets are provided to facilitate integration. Task involves library integration, NTT optimization, and gas metering.",
      "NIST-standardized lattice-based post-quantum cryptography",
      "Compact signatures (~666 bytes) compared to other PQ schemes",
      "Modular design separating Hash-to-Point from core verification",
      "EVM-optimized variant using Keccak-PRNG reduces gas costs significantly",
      "Enables future ZK-SNARK/STARK optimizations via alternative Hash-to-Point implementations",
      "Hardness based on SIS problem over NTRU lattices, secure against quantum adversaries"
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-8052-precompile-for-falcon-support/25860",
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  {
    "id": 8053,
    "title": "EIP-8053: Milli-gas for High-precision Gas Metering",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Counts gas in thousandths (milli-gas) during EVM execution for finer precision, then rounds to normal gas at transaction end. Fees and limits stay the same, so users and apps shouldn't notice changes.",
    "impacts": [
      "No UX or fee changes; gas limits and pricing remain computed with gas_used, so behavior and costs are unchanged.",
      "Minimal code changes expected since limits and fees still use gas_used rather than the new milli_gas counter. `GAS` opcode will report in `milli-gas`.",
      "Transaction fee estimation and validation remain tied to gas_used; no API surface changes described or wallet-side modifications expected.",
      "Tools using gas_used remain accurate; no explicit requirement to expose milli_gas since it is an internal accounting detail.",
      "No specific L2 impacts stated; proposal covers internal EVM accounting only, with fees and limits unchanged at transaction interface.",
      "Fee mechanics and limits remain as today; no staking or validator configuration changes are described in this proposal.",
      "No consensus-layer changes are described; proposal targets EL metering, and CL client code modifications are not indicated.",
      "Add a milli_gas counter; meter opcodes in milli_gas; round to gas at transaction end; keep gas_used for limits/fees. Block-level conversion would be a larger change.",
      "More precise accounting for cheap compute",
      "Keeps fees and gas limits unchanged",
      "Preserves user and application UX",
      "Introduces precision without contract changes"
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-8053-milli-gas-counter-for-high-precision-gas-metering/25946",
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  },
  {
    "id": 8057,
    "title": "EIP-8057: Inter-Block Temporal Locality Gas Discounts",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Ethereum clients already cache recently used state, so touching the same contracts again soon is cheaper in practice. This EIP updates gas costs to reflect that reality: if an account or storage slot was accessed in the last few blocks, the first access in a new transaction costs less gas. Nothing else about how transactions work changes.",
    "impacts": [
      "Some transactions touching recently used contracts or storage may cost less gas, lowering typical fees without changing how users interact.",
      "Apps that reuse the same accounts or storage in nearby blocks pay less gas on first access. No opcode changes required.",
      "Wallet gas estimators must include temporal discounts using recent block access lists. Pricing is deterministic from public chain data.",
      "Builders and searchers may batch related operations across back-to-back blocks to capture discounts. Tooling must report per-call gas using this rule.",
      "Rollup bridges and keepers reusing L1 state across nearby blocks pay less gas on first access. Rollup protocol rules remain unchanged.",
      "Validators must upgrade for the fork and maintain a short rolling index of recently accessed items to verify block gas charges.",
      "Consensus clients mostly just activate the fork and accept payloads using the new gas schedule. No other logic changes.",
      "Execution-layer clients must implement the new temporal discount logic, track prior-block access lists, and update gas accounting for first accesses.",
      "Aligns gas costs with real client caching and hardware behavior.",
      "Lowers average per-access gas without increasing worst-case cost.",
      "Improves effective L1 throughput and block execution efficiency.",
      "Enables deterministic, provable pricing from recent block data, easing stateless validation."
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-8057-block-temporal-locality-gas-discounts/25912",
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  {
    "id": 8058,
    "title": "EIP-8058: Contract Bytecode Deduplication Discount",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "If you deploy a contract that's exactly the same as one that already exists and you include that existing contract's address in your transaction's access list, you don't pay the per-byte code deposit again—the new contract just points to the already-stored code.",
    "impacts": [
      "Cheaper deployments for apps that spin up many identical contracts (e.g., factory wallets or clones); no change to how transactions are sent.",
      "Can cut deployment costs for factory/clone patterns by adding a reference contract address to the access list; update builders and deploy scripts to include access lists and handle cases without a discount.",
      "Update gas estimation and access-list generation to surface potential deduplication discounts and clearly indicate when the discount will or won't apply.",
      "Estimators, simulators, and tracers should build the CodeHash Access-Set from the access list at tx start and report when deduplication triggers; consider dual estimates (with/without discount).",
      "Rollups mirroring L1 gas semantics may adopt this to lower duplicate deployment costs; coordinate with any increased GAS_CODE_DEPOSIT (e.g., per EIP-8037) and access-list handling in sequencers.",
      "Minimal runtime overhead; implement building the CodeHash Access-Set and conditional charging; no trie/schema changes. Same-block ordering effects are deterministic.",
      "No consensus changes on the CL—standard fork coordination only.",
      "Implement access-list–based set W, hash check on successful CREATE/CREATE2, and conditional code-deposit charging per EIP-2930/2929. Also, consider implementing a code -> address reverse index to avoid complexity to users on finding the required address.",
      "Aligns gas costs with actual storage usage for duplicate deployments.",
      "Deterministic and consensus-safe: depends on access lists and current state, not local databases.",
      "No new transaction format or reverse indexes; reuses EIP-2930 infrastructure.",
      "Can yield major savings when GAS_CODE_DEPOSIT is high (e.g., under EIP-8037).",
      "Encourages bytecode reuse and efficient factory/clone patterns."
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-8058-contract-bytecode-deduplication-discount/25933",
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  {
    "id": 8059,
    "title": "EIP-8059: Gas Units Rebase for High-precision Metering",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "This proposal rebases Ethereum's gas unit by a factor of 1,000 to enable high-precision metering without fractional gas. All gas-related parameters and variables are increased by that factor.",
    "impacts": [
      "Users may notice gas numbers change, since each unit is 1,000× smaller, but transaction behavior and protocol rules stay the same.",
      "App and contract developers must update hardcoded gas cost constants, tests, and benchmarks to the 1,000× unit. Contract bytecode semantics stay unchanged.",
      "Wallets must update gas estimation, limit defaults, and UI displays to the rebased 1,000× unit so transactions include correct values.",
      "Explorers, profilers, and RPC analytics must revise gas accounting, reporting, and alerts to reflect the new 1,000× unit across all fields.",
      "Rollups and other L2s that follow Ethereum gas semantics must rescale gas metering, calldata pricing, and limits by 1,000× for L1 consistency.",
      "Validators and node operators must upgrade clients to enforce rebased gas accounting and block validation rules; normal operational workflows otherwise remain unchanged.",
      "Consensus clients must update header checks for gas limit and gas used to the rebased scale; other fork choice and attestation code is unchanged.",
      "Execution clients must apply the 1,000× factor across opcode costs, transaction validation, gas accounting, RPC exposure, and metering logic, touching many constants and tests.",
      "Enables high-precision gas metering without fractional gas.",
      "Reduces rounding errors when repricing EVM operations.",
      "Future-proofs gas costs as hardware improves and state access stays costly.",
      "Avoids major changes to internal EVM logic."
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-8059-gas-rebase-for-high-precision-gas-metering/25945",
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  },
  {
    "id": 8061,
    "title": "EIP-8061: Increase exit and consolidation churn",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Raises limits on how many validators can activate, exit, or consolidate each epoch and separates consolidation churn, improving validator consolidation speed and easing deposit and exit queues while preserving a long weak-subjectivity period and existing security assumptions.",
    "impacts": [
      "No direct user-facing changes; effects are limited to validator churn parameters, with only indirect benefits through future finality improvements.",
      "Application logic and smart contracts remain unchanged; only underlying consensus churn limits adjust, so most applications require no code modifications.",
      "Wallet protocols stay the same; only beacon-chain churn parameters change, so implementations rarely need updates beyond optional queue displays.",
      "Validator dashboards, explorers, and forecasting tools must update churn constants and formulas to correctly estimate activation, exit, and consolidation queues.",
      "Layer 2 protocols see minimal direct impact; beacon-chain validator churn parameters change, but L2 smart contract logic remains unchanged.",
      "Stakers and node operators gain higher churn throughput, shortening queues and reducing consolidation costs while maintaining a long weak-subjectivity period.",
      "Consensus clients must update configuration constants and churn computation logic, adding a separate consolidation churn quotient and revising queue accounting.",
      "Execution clients require no code changes; all churn computations reside in the consensus layer, leaving execution implementations unaffected.",
      "Triples the global churn limit while preserving a long weak-subjectivity period for consensus safety.",
      "Increases activation and exit throughput, shortening validator deposit and exit queues under growing stake.",
      "Separates consolidation churn into its own limit, configurable independently from activation and exit churn.",
      "Improves staking liquidity by reducing consolidation time and associated opportunity costs for validators."
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-8061-increase-churn-limits/25991",
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  {
    "id": 8062,
    "title": "EIP-8062: Add sweep withdrawal fee for 0x01 validators",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Adds a small 0.05% fee when old-style 0x01 validators auto-withdraw extra balance, keeping consolidation and costs fair.",
    "impacts": [
      "End users who do not run validators are unaffected; change happens inside protocol accounting for validator sweeps only now implemented.",
      "Apps are unaffected unless they surface validator sweep amounts and must now display the slightly reduced 0x01 payouts exactly received.",
      "The amount credited to the EL will be 0.05% lower than the balance decrease on the CL.",
      "The amount credited to the EL will be 0.05% lower than the balance decrease on the CL.",
      "L2 systems unaffected by this proposal.",
      "Skimming 0x01 validators will pay 0.05% per sweep and are nudged toward upgrading to 0x02 validator types.",
      "Consensus clients add a constant and arithmetic in process_withdrawals; low complexity but consensus-critical so thorough tests required before Glamsterdam activation.",
      "Execution clients require no code changes. The amount credited to the EL will be 0.05% lower than the balance decrease on the CL.",
      "Incentivizes validator consolidation required for fast finality.",
      "Let's 0x01 validators pay for the EL workload imposed by the sweep.",
      "Is easy to expand in the future if consolidation remains insufficient.",
      "Can be expanded already today to compensate for 0x02 lower capital efficiency"
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-8062-add-sweep-withdrawal-fee-for-0x01-validators/26003",
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  },
  {
    "id": 8066,
    "title": "EIP-8066: Upgrade Mascots",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Informational",
    "category": "Unknown",
    "summary": "",
    "impacts": [],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-8066-upgrade-mascots/26009",
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    ]
  },
  {
    "id": 8068,
    "title": "EIP-8068: Neutral effective balance design",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Core",
    "summary": "Makes staking treat 'skimmed' and 'compounding' validators the same by tweaking effective balance rules, so operators can consolidate without losing yield.",
    "impacts": [
      "No direct effect; staking reward accounting stays inside the consensus layer and user transactions stay unchanged.",
      "No app-facing protocol change; validator consolidation does not alter JSON-RPC, gas rules, or transaction semantics.",
      "Deposit/withdrawal handling unchanged; no mandatory code updates.",
      "The actual yield becomes in line with existing interpretations of what validators earn.",
      "No rollup/L2 logic changes identified; this is an L1 consensus-layer adjustment to validator accounting only.",
      "Compounding 0x02 validators get the same yield as 0x01 validators, which they already believed that they did. No longer possible to game partial withdrawals",
      "Must implement neutral EB math, ±0.5/±0.25 hysteresis, and one-time temporary_upward_threshold after withdrawals; moderate integration effort.",
      "No execution-layer work identified; EB and hysteresis are handled in consensus specs, so EL code can remain unchanged.",
      "Equalizes rewards for 0x01 and 0x02 validators.",
      "Improves capital efficiency for compounding validators.",
      "Removes hysteresis-gaming opportunities.",
      "Supports stake consolidation toward fast finality."
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-8068-neutral-effective-balance-design/26015",
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        "snippet": "Makes staking treat 'skimmed' and 'compounding' validators the same by tweaking effective balance rules, so operators can consolidate without losing yield."
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    ]
  },
  {
    "id": 8070,
    "title": "EIP-8070: eth/72 - Sparse Blobpool",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
    "category": "Networking",
    "summary": "Ethereum nodes fully download only some blob transactions and sample the exact blob pieces the consensus layer cares about, cutting Execution Layer bandwidth roughly fourfold while keeping blob transactions moving.",
    "impacts": [
      "No user-facing change; blob transactions stay reliable as BPO forks raise throughput, reducing failures from Execution Layer bandwidth pressure.",
      "Application logic unchanged; contracts or rollup sequencers relying on blob data get steadier L1 availability during busy network-wide periods.",
      "Wallets submitting type-3 blob transactions gain more reliable propagation; minimal adjustments, mainly ensuring compatibility with updated EL peers locally.",
      "Block explorers, relays and monitors should surface partial-blob availability and new eth/71 fields to reflect node sampling state.",
      "Rollups posting blobs to L1 face lower risk of EL blobpool saturation, keeping DA publication within expected windows.",
      "Validator operators must run EL clients supporting sparse blobpool to match CL custody; operational workflows stay largely intact.",
      "Consensus clients need to send custody updates over Engine API and tolerate EL sampling, adding moderate networking and API work.",
      "Execution clients implement eth/71, blobpool sampling, storage for custody cells and builder policies—largest code changes and testing burden.",
      "Cuts EL blobpool bandwidth to ~25% of current design.",
      "Keeps CL and EL sampling aligned for DA checks.",
      "Preserves stochastic blobpool without complex sharding.",
      "Supports future BPO fork throughput increases."
    ],
    "discussion_url": "https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/eip-8070-sparse-blobpool/26023",
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    ]
  },
  {
    "id": 8071,
    "title": "EIP-8071: Prevent using consolidations as withdrawals",
    "status": "Draft",
    "type": "Standards Track",
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      "No explicit impact on everyday Ethereum users is described; only validator consolidation and withdrawal processing semantics are updated.",
      "The EIP describes no changes to application-layer behavior, so smart contracts and dapp logic are unaffected.",
      "No wallet-specific changes are specified; the proposal only alters how consensus clients process validator consolidation requests.",
      "No tooling or infrastructure modifications are mentioned; changes are limited to consensus clients' consolidation-handling logic.",
      "Layer 2 systems are not referenced; the change targets Ethereum mainnet consensus-layer validator consolidation only.",
      "Validators can no longer rely on consolidations as a faster withdrawal path; they must use the exit queue instead.",
      "Consensus clients must add a helper and update process_consolidation_request to cancel offending consolidations and cover new tests.",
      "No execution-layer implementation complexity is described; the specification only changes consensus-layer consolidation behavior.",
      "Prevents using consolidation queue as a faster, unintended withdrawal path.",
      "Aligns consolidation behavior with its intended purpose instead of behaving like exits."
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      "Indirect impact: staking withdrawals and liquid staking tokens may become more responsive during heavy demand, but user-facing interfaces remain unchanged.",
      "No protocol changes for smart contract developers; only economic behaviour of validator exits and staking derivatives liquidity may subtly improve.",
      "Minimal impact. Wallets showing validator exits or withdrawals may adjust messaging on exit timing in congestion; no protocol changes required.",
      "Monitoring and analytics tools tracking exit queue lengths must update models to account for churn reallocation via the consolidation queue.",
      "Layer 2 protocols have no direct integration work; systems depending on staking liquidity may benefit from faster exits and rebalancing.",
      "Validators and staking providers gain fairer access to extra churn, enabling predictable exit times and increased capacity during rush periods.",
      "Consensus clients must modify `compute_exit_epoch_and_update_churn` to route some exits via `compute_consolidation_epoch_and_update_churn`, carefully handling churn accounting and queue invariants.",
      "Execution clients see no direct consensus logic changes; mainly fork-activation plumbing, configuration updates, and compatibility testing with upgraded consensus clients.",
      "Democratizes access to consolidation churn previously exploitable only by very large validators.",
      "Increases effective exit capacity by reusing consolidation churn when demand from exits is high.",
      "Maintains existing security assumptions by reallocating churn without changing overall safety parameters.",
      "Improves staking liquidity, helping operators and liquid staking tokens manage exits during demand spikes."
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    "summary": "Note: withdrawn from Hegota headliner proposals [here](https://ethereum-magicians.org/t/hegota-headliner-proposal-eip-8105-universal-enshrined-encrypted-mempool-eem/27448/3) on 23 Feb, in favor of LUCID encrypted mempools.\n\nAdds a built-in encrypted mempool option: you can submit an encrypted transaction that stays unreadable until it's included in a block. This reduces front-running and sandwich attacks and can improve real-time censorship resistance. Regular plaintext transactions still work, and the chain continues even if key providers fail.",
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      "Mempool/RPC/builders must relay encrypted txs, process decryption-key messages, and integrate key validation and ordering rules.",
      "No required L2 protocol changes; they may opt to use encrypted L1 transactions for their own L1 interactions.",
      "PTC members must listen for keys, validate them with a gas cap, and attest key availability per encrypted transaction.",
      "Must implement registry replication, extended payload attestations with a bitfield, and consensus processing of key availability.",
      "Must add encrypted tx type, envelope batch execution and fee accounting, decryption via registry, and skip-on-failure semantics.",
      "Protects users from front-running and sandwich attacks by hiding transaction contents until inclusion.",
      "Improves weak censorship resistance by blinding builders while encrypted transactions wait for inclusion.",
      "Supports diverse encryption schemes via arbitrary decryption key providers and a trust-graph mechanism.",
      "Keeps chain progressing even if key providers fail; plaintext transactions remain supported."
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      "Block explorers and indexers need to parse new transaction format and per-frame receipts.",
      "Can adopt same transaction type for cross-layer AA consistency.",
      "Mempool implementations need validation rules per ERC-7562 to prevent DoS.",
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      "Significant implementation: new tx type, APPROVE opcode, TXPARAM opcodes, frame execution loop, and receipt changes.",
      "Provides off-ramp from ECDSA to post-quantum secure signature schemes",
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      "No direct impact. Enables faster node sync and block processing.",
      "No direct impact. Internal networking change only.",
      "No direct impact. Internal networking change only.",
      "Node operators may see faster sync times when BALs are available from peers.",
      "No direct impact. May benefit from faster L1 finality confirmation.",
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      "No changes required. EL networking protocol only.",
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      "Block explorers and indexers need to parse sealed transactions, key messages, and delayed execution patterns.",
      "Could adopt similar encrypted transaction mechanisms for MEV protection on L2.",
      "Validators gain agency as includers forcing encrypted transaction inclusion; must handle key-timeliness voting via PTC.",
      "Significant changes: PTC key-timeliness voting, LucidKeyMessage gossip, and ST-commitment validation in beacon blocks.",
      "New sealed transaction type, delayed top-of-block execution, ST ticket charging, and ciphertext envelope handling.",
      "Prevents front-running and sandwich attacks through commit-before-reveal encrypted transaction inclusion",
      "Restores public mempool viability by removing the need for private order flow",
      "Broadens FOCIL censorship resistance to cover MEV-sensitive transactions",
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